Biochemistry of the Sphingolipids. XVII. The Nature of the Oligosaccharide Component of Phytoglycolipid<sup>*</sup>

Carter, Herbert E.; Betts, B. E.; Strobach, Donald R.

doi:10.1021/bi00896a016

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…As already indicated, individually purified components have not heretofore been obtained but based on the results of alkaline hydrolysis, Carter et al (5) estimate that trisaccharides constitute approximately 9% of corn phytoglycolipid. Our work indicates that the ceramide trisaccharides, PSL-I plus PSL-II, constitute about 40% of the tobacco P-sphingolipids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromatographic purification of PSL-I and PSL-II was achieved with more heavily loaded Porasil columns eluted with a stepwise elution schedule with the results shown in Figure 2 (right). When the sample was applied as an aqueous suspension some of the PSL-I came out near the front (fractions [3][4][5] along with the less polar lipids (Fig. 2, left).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytoglycolipid is apparently unique to plants, although related substances have been reported in fungi (19,29). Alkaline (5), as well as ceramide and ceramide-phosphate (8). The ceramide moieties of phytoglycolipid were composed of saturated hydroxy-fatty acids, mainly C-24, attached to either 4-hydroxysphinganine (phytosphingosine) or 4-hydroxy-8-sphingenine (dehydrophytosphingosine) (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ceramide (l ')phosphate (1) inositol (2--i) mannose I glucosamine(1-4)glucuronic acid Phytoglycolipid preparations heretofore obtained are apparently mixtures, since alkaline hydrolysis yields mixtures of longer and shorter oligosaccharides (5). However, this point will be best resolved when pure components are available.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Inositol-containing Phosphosphingolipids from Tobacco Leaves

Kaul¹,

Lester²

1975

Plant Physiol.

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A method for a large scale extraction of phosphoglycosphingolipids from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. has been developed. The phosphosphingolipid concentrate consists of a dozen or more polar lipids as judged by thin layer chromatography. Two of these lipids were purified by chromatography on porous silica beads and partially characterized. These lipids are formulated as: N-acetylglucosamidoglucuronidoinositol phosphorylceramide and glucosamido,glucuronidoinositol phosphorylceramide. Although not fully characterized, the other lipids in the concentrate are inositol-containing phosphosphingolipids with a higher carbohydrate content.Glycosphingolipids are thought to play a significant role in cell surface function in animals. Considerable information is available concerning their chemistry, biosynthesis, and degradation (38). The neutral glycosphingolipids are present in most animal cells and are composed of uncharged heterooligosaccharides of various chain lengths glycosidically linked to ceramide (N-fattyacylsphingosine). Ceramide-monohexosides (cerebrosides) have been characterized from higher plants, animals and fungi (38). Neutral ceramide-oligosaccharides, to our knowledge, have not been reported in higher plants, although a ceramide-tetrasaccharide has been isolated from the fungus, Neurospora crassa (19). Gangliosides, negatively charged glycosphingolipids, which derive their charge from one or more sialic groups glycosidically linked to the oligosaccharide portions of various ceramide-oligosaccharides (38), are widespread in animal cells but have not been reported to occur in plants.A negatively charged glycosphingolipid that does occur in plants is phytoglycolipid, so named by Carter and co-workers (6) who have carried out pioneering investigations in this area. They showed that phytoglycolipid occurred in seeds from corn, flax, and soybeans (6), as well as in bean leaves (11). Phytoglycolipid is apparently unique to plants, although related substances have been reported in fungi (19,29 . The leaves were packed in crushed ice immediately after harvesting and were kept at 0 to 5 C through the homogenization step which was carried out within 3 to 6 hours after harvest. To the eluate one-half volume of CH3OH was added, and the resulting precipitate was allowed to sediment for 2 days at 5 C. The supernatant was removed by siphoning and was kept at -20 C for 2 more days to obtain more precipitate. The combined 5 C and -20 C sedimented precipitate slurry was centrifuged to remove the supernatant remaining after siphoning. The precipitate obtained was air dried and stored in a vacuum dessicator at 5 C (stage V). Plant Physiol. Vol. 55, 1975 Preparation of Na-phosphosphingolipid Concentrate. In a typical experiment, stage V precipitate (1.06 mmole of P) was suspended in 100 ml of pyridine-H20 (3:7, v/v) and passed through a 40-ml column of Chelex 100 resin (Nat, 100-200 mesh, Bio-Rad Laboratories) equilibrated with the same solvent adjusted to pH 8.8. The column was further eluted with 70 ml o...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Inositol-containing Phosphosphingolipids from Tobacco Leaves

Kaul¹,

Lester²

1975

Plant Physiol.

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“…Another class of glycolipids in plants that contain Nacetylglucosamine are of the sphingolipid type. They are present in seeds and commonly contain complex oligosaccharides rather than a single saccharide and a variety of sugar components including N-acetylglucosamine, glucuronic acid, inositol, galactose, arabinose and fucose [77]. However, a stretch of three N-acetylglucosamines has not been detected in such glycolipids.…”

Section: Chitinases and Chitin-containing Signal Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal molecules involved in plant embryogenesis

Schmidt¹,

Jong²,

Vries³

1994

Plant Mol Biol

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In plant embryogenesis, inductive interactions mediated by diffusable signal molecules are most likely of great importance. Evidence has been presented that at late globular stages in plant embryogenesis, perturbation of the polar auxin transport results in abberrant embryo morphology. Rhizobium lipooligosaccharides or Nod factors are a newly discovered class of bacterial molecules that are able to trigger initial steps in root nodule development in legumes. Part of the activity of Nod factors may be directed towards alteration of endogenous plant growth regulator balance. The same bacterial Nod factors promoted the formation of globular embryos in the carrot cell line ts11. Whether there exist plant analogues of the Nod factors and whether these molecules are active as a more universal control system perhaps designed to initiate and or mediate gradients in auxin and cytokinin remains to be determined.

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Sphingolipids in plants: a guidebook on their function in membrane architecture, cellular processes, and environmental or developmental responses

et al. 2020

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Sphingolipids are fundamental lipids involved in various cellular, developmental and stressresponse processes. As such, they orchestrate not only vital molecular mechanisms of living cells but also act in diseases, thus qualifying as potential pharmaceutical targets. Sphingolipids are universal to eukaryotes and are also present in some prokaryotes. Some sphingolipid structures are conserved between animals, plants and fungi, whereas others are found only in plants and fungi. In plants, the structural diversity of sphingolipids, as well as their downstream effectors and molecular and cellular mechanisms of action, are of tremendous interest to both basic and applied researchers, as about half of all small molecules in clinical use originate from plants. Here we review recent advances towards a better understanding of the biosynthesis of sphingolipids, the diversity in their structures as well as their functional roles in membrane architecture, cellular processes such as membrane trafficking and cell polarity, and cell responses to environmental or developmental signals.

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Biochemistry of the Sphingolipids. XVII. The Nature of the Oligosaccharide Component of Phytoglycolipid^*

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Characterization of Inositol-containing Phosphosphingolipids from Tobacco Leaves

Characterization of Inositol-containing Phosphosphingolipids from Tobacco Leaves

Signal molecules involved in plant embryogenesis

Sphingolipids in plants: a guidebook on their function in membrane architecture, cellular processes, and environmental or developmental responses

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Biochemistry of the Sphingolipids. XVII. The Nature of the Oligosaccharide Component of Phytoglycolipid*

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Characterization of Inositol-containing Phosphosphingolipids from Tobacco Leaves

Characterization of Inositol-containing Phosphosphingolipids from Tobacco Leaves

Signal molecules involved in plant embryogenesis

Sphingolipids in plants: a guidebook on their function in membrane architecture, cellular processes, and environmental or developmental responses

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Biochemistry of the Sphingolipids. XVII. The Nature of the Oligosaccharide Component of Phytoglycolipid^*