Biochemistry of the Elemental Halogens and Inorganic Halides

Kirk, Kenneth L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5817-6

Cited by 312 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 327 publications

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“…Although bromine is one of the most abundant trace elements, essential roles in cells have been difficult to demonstrate. 27) Br Ϫ can replace Cl Ϫ as a substrate in many biological processes including enzyme activation and inhibition. The first identified physiological function of Br Ϫ in humans appears to be a role in defense mechanisms against parasites mediated by the preferential oxidation of Br Ϫ by eosinophil peroxidase.…”

Section: Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification by Fluoride, Bromide, Iodide, Thiocyanate and Nitrite Anions of Reaction of a Myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- System with Nucleosides.

Suzuki

Ohshima

2003

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is generated as an endogenous product of the respiratory burst in mammalian neutrophils by myeloperoxidase from hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and chloride (Cl Ϫ ).1) HOCl generated by myeloperoxidase is of central importance in immune surveillance and host defense mechanisms. However, it also has potential to harm normal tissue and contribute to inflammatory injury. Indeed, reagent HOCl and/or the myeloperoxidase-H 2 O 2 -Cl Ϫ system have been reported to react with nucleic acid bases to form various compounds. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] We have examined the reaction of 2Ј-deoxyguanosine (dG) with reagent HOCl and/or the myeloperoxidase-H 2 O 2 -Cl Ϫ system and found that a diimino-imidazole nucleoside, an amino-imidazolone nucleoside, a spiroiminodihydantoin nucleoside and 8-chloro-2Ј-deoxyguanosine were generated. reported that 8-nitro-2Ј-deoxyguanosine was generated by the reaction of dG with the myeloperoxidase-H 2 O 2 -Cl Ϫ system in the presence of NO 2 Ϫ at plasma concentrations of Cl . These papers showed that NO 2 Ϫ and Br Ϫ were significant regents with respect to nucleoside damage caused by the myeloperoxidase-H 2 O 2 -Cl Ϫ system. However, in these studies and others of damage caused by myeloperoxidase, specific products and their yields were determined, but data for the whole reaction, i.e., for consumption of the target nucleosides, were extremely limited.In the present study, we investigated the reaction of a nucleoside mixture with the myeloperoxidase-H 2 O 2 -Cl Ϫ system in the presence of various anions including F , and the consumption of each nucleoside was determined by HPLC. Results and Discussion pH-Dependence of the Reaction of the Nucleoside Mixture with the Myeloperoxidase-H 2 O 2 -Cl؊ System A nucleoside mixture (dG, dC, 2Ј-deoxythymidine (dT) and 2Ј-deoxyadenosine (dA); 100 mM each) was incubated with 50 nM myeloperoxidase in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffers of different pH with 200 mM H 2 O 2 and 100 mM NaCl at 37°C for 30 min. The reaction was terminated by addition of Nacetylcysteine. The reaction mixture was analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC to determine the remaining concentration of each nucleoside. Figure 1 shows a plot of the concentrations of nucleosides versus pH. Consumption of nucleosides was observed under mildly acidic conditions. The myeloperoxidase-H 2 O 2 -Cl Ϫ system consumed nucleosides in the following order: dGϾdCϾ ϾdTϾdAÅ0. The optimal pH for consumption of nucleosides was 4.7. At pH 4.7, total consumption was 67.3 mM corresponding to 33.7% relative to H 2 O 2 added.It has been reported that dC reacts with a myeloperoxi-

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Section: Brmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification by Fluoride, Bromide, Iodide, Thiocyanate and Nitrite Anions of Reaction of a Myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- System with Nucleosides.

Suzuki

Ohshima

2003

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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“…Fluoride deficiency causes osteoporosis and poor dental health [1]. However, a number of epidemiologic studies speculated the unintentionally http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2014.02.026 0003-2670/© 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of the fluoride induced SiO bond cleavage and functionalized gold nanoparticle aggregation into one colorimetric probe for highly specific and sensitive detection of fluoride

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2014

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…The development of selective sensors for fluoride anions is of particular interest because they play vital roles in a wide range of our life，such as food science, dental care, and the treatment of osteoporosis [9][10][11]. midazolium cation can be formed by protonation or substitution at nitrogen atom of imidazole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Study on a Fluorescent Chemosensor Based on C–H•••F Hydrogen-Bond Interaction

Li¹

2013

CiCC

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Abstract:A new fluorescent chemosensor bearing two imidazolium groups was designed and investigated by DFT/TDDFT method. The fluoride-sensing mechanism of the chemosensor was studied by the geometry optimization, two-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) scan, absorption/emission spectra simulation, and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis. The calculations show that this chemosensor displays an emission band at 407 nm. PES scan confirmed that the excited state proton transfer (ESPT) process of the chemosensor-fluoride complex is barrierless. The ESPT process took place in the C-H•••F hydrogen bond with C-H moiety acting as a proton donor and the fluoride anion acting as a proton acceptor. This process proved that addition of fluoride anion could lead to the formation of the carbene form of the chemosensor.Due to the nπ-type transition mode obtained by FMO, the carbene form has a red-shift emission band at 523 nm.

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Biochemistry of the Elemental Halogens and Inorganic Halides

Abstract: A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery ofB1Dchel1stry Df the elemental halogens and 1norganic hal1des I Kenneth L. K1rk. p. ca. --(B1ochem1stry of the elements : Y.9A) Includes b1bl1ograph1cal references and 1ndex.

Cited by 312 publications

References 327 publications

Modification by Fluoride, Bromide, Iodide, Thiocyanate and Nitrite Anions of Reaction of a Myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- System with Nucleosides.

Modification by Fluoride, Bromide, Iodide, Thiocyanate and Nitrite Anions of Reaction of a Myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- System with Nucleosides.

Incorporation of the fluoride induced SiO bond cleavage and functionalized gold nanoparticle aggregation into one colorimetric probe for highly specific and sensitive detection of fluoride

Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Study on a Fluorescent Chemosensor Based on C–H•••F Hydrogen-Bond Interaction

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