Biochemistry of high stearic sunflower, a new source of saturated fats

Salas, Joaquı́n J.; Martı́nez-Force, Enrique; Harwood, John L.; Venegas-Calerón, Mónica; Aznar-Moreno, Jose A.; Moreno‐Pérez, Antonio J.; Ruiz-López, Noemı́; Serrano-Vega, María J.; Graham, Ian A.; Mullen, Robert T.; Garcés, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2014.05.001

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…This might be explained by the effect of substrate inhibition. Previously, many acyl-CoA-dependent enzymes (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38), including DGATs (39 -41), have been found to be inhibited at relatively high concentrations of acyl donor. It is interesting to note that L441P displayed high activity at all oleoyl-CoA concentrations examined ( Fig.…”

Section: Plant Dgat1 Variants With Enhanced Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple mechanisms contribute to increased neutral lipid accumulation in yeast producing recombinant variants of plant diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1

Chen

Greer

et al. 2017

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The apparent bottleneck in the accumulation of oil during seed development in some oleaginous plant species is the formation of triacylglycerol (TAG) by the acyl-CoA-dependent acylation of -1,2-diacylglycerol catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.1.20). Improving DGAT activity using protein engineering could lead to improvements in seed oil yield ( in canola-type ). Directed evolution of DGAT1 (BnaDGAT1) previously revealed that one of the regions where amino acid residue substitutions lead to higher performance in BnaDGAT1 is in the ninth predicted transmembrane domain (PTMD9). In this study, several BnaDGAT1 variants with amino acid residue substitutions in PTMD9 were characterized. Among these enzyme variants, the extent of yeast TAG production was affected by different mechanisms, including increased enzyme activity, increased polypeptide accumulation, and possibly reduced substrate inhibition. The kinetic properties of the BnaDGAT1 variants were affected by the amino acid residue substitutions, and a new kinetic model based on substrate inhibition and sigmoidicity was generated. Based on sequence alignment and further biochemical analysis, the amino acid residue substitutions that conferred increased TAG accumulation were shown to be present in the DGAT1-PTMD9 region of other higher plant species. When amino acid residue substitutions that increased BnaDGAT1 enzyme activity were introduced into recombinant DGAT1, they also improved enzyme performance. Thus, the knowledge generated from directed evolution of DGAT1 in one plant species can be transferred to other plant species and has potentially broad applications in genetic engineering of oleaginous crops and microorganisms.

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Section: Plant Dgat1 Variants With Enhanced Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple mechanisms contribute to increased neutral lipid accumulation in yeast producing recombinant variants of plant diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1

Chen

Greer

et al. 2017

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…1) on its regular form with high Correspondence: alicia.ayerdi-gotor@lasalle-beauvais.fr content in linoleic acid (Regular SO) but also with the other four variants in fatty acids composition: High Oleic Sunflower Oil (HOSO), Mid Oleic Sunflower Oil (MOSO), High Steraric High Oleic Sunflower Oil (HSHOSO) and High Palmitic High Oleic Sunflower Oil (HPHOSO). These four other compositions are interesting for different usages like: biodiesel (Del Gatto et al, 2015), lubricant (Al Mahmud et al, 2013) or its ability to replace hydrogenated fats (Salas et al, 2014). Its oil also contains an important unsaponifiable fraction mainly composed of tocopherols (Vitamin E) and phytosterols, but that also has polyphenols and carotenoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of refining process on sunflower oil minor components: a review

Gotor

Rhazi

2016

OCL

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-Sunflower oil is well known because of its diversity of fatty acids profiles which allow different uses (food: dressing salads, margarines; nonfood: agrofuel, lubricants). Besides, crude oil contains high amounts of desirable minor components (tocopherols, phytosterols, polyphenols, phospholipids. . . ) that present important nutritional features with a positive impact on human health. The different steps of the refining process have as main objective to remove contaminants and other compounds that could hamper the continuity of the process or alter oil during storage. An indirect consequence of this treatment used to preserve food safety is that micronutriments of interest are also partially eliminated reducing the nutritional quality of the oil. This review describes in the first part the chemical composition of sunflower oil focusing on desirable and undesirable components. In the second part the refining process is detailed following the losses of micronutriments at each step of the process and the elimination of unwanted compounds. Keywords:Sunflower oil / minor components / tocopherols / sterols / refining Résumé -Effets du procédé de raffinage sur les composants mineurs de l'huile de tournesol : revue. L'huile de tournesol est bien connue pour la diversité de ses profils d'acides gras qui permettent des usages variés (alimentaireshuile de table et margarines -ou non alimentaires -agrocarburants et lubrifiants). En outre, l'huile brute contient aussi de grandes quantités de composés mineurs souhaitables (tocophérols, phytostérols, polyphénols, phospholipides. . . ) aux caractéristiques nutritionnelles importantes et à impact positif sur la santé humaine. Les différentes étapes du raffinage ont pour principal objectif d'éliminer les contaminants et les composants susceptibles d'entraver la suite du process ou de provoquer une altération de l'huile au stockage. La conséquence indirecte de ce traitement destiné à préserver la sécurité alimentaire est que les micronutriments d'intérêt sont partiellement éliminés réduisant ainsi la qualité nutritionnelle de l'huile. Dans une première partie, cette revue décrit la composition chimique de l'huile de tournesol en distinguant les composés recherchés et indésirables. La seconde partie examine le procédé de raffinage en suivant les pertes de micronutriments à chaque étape du procès ainsi que l'élimination des produits indésirables.

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“…A situation resolved by transferring the high stearic phenotype to high oleic lines to obtain the high stearic-high oleic (HSHO) mutant, commercialized as Nutrisun oil c . The high stearic-high oleic oils can be used in a broad variety of food formulations and demonstrated to be an alternative to palm oleins for industrial frying, with good stability and high vitamin content (Salas et al, 2014).…”

Section: High Oleate Rapeseed and Sunflowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleaginous crops as integrated production platforms for food, feed, fuel and renewable industrial feedstock

Beaudoin

Sayanova

Haslam

et al. 2014

OCL

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-The world faces considerable challenges including how to produce more biomass for food, feed, fuel and industrial feedstock without significantly impacting on our environment or increasing our consumption of limited resources such as water or petroleum-derived carbon. This has been described as sustainable intensification. Oleaginous crops have the potential to provide renewable resources for all these commodities, provided they can be engineered to meet end-use requirements, and that they can be produced on sufficient scale to meet current growing world population and industrial demand. Although traditional breeding methods have been used successfully to modify the fatty acid composition of oils, metabolic engineering provides a more rapid and direct method for manipulating plant lipid composition. Recent advances in our understanding of the biochemical mechanisms of seed oil biogenesis and the cloning of genes involved in fatty acid and oil metabolic pathways, have allowed the generation of oilseed crops that produce 'designer oils' tailored for specific applications and the conversion of high biomass crops into novel oleaginous crops. However, improvement of complex quantitative traits in oilseed crops remains more challenging as the underlying genetic determinants are still poorly understood. Technological advances in sequencing and computing have allowed the development of an association genetics method applicable to crops with complex genomes. Associative transcriptomics approaches and high throughput lipidomic profiling can be used to identify the genetic components controlling quantitative variation for lipid related traits in polyploid crops like oilseed rape and provide molecular tools for marker assisted breeding. In this review we are citing examples of traits with potential for bio-refining that can be harvested as co-products in seeds, but also in non-harvested biomass.Keywords: Crops improvement / oleaginous crops / metabolic engineering / designer oil / molecular breeding / Genome Wide Association Studies / associative transcriptomics / co-products Résumé -Les oléagineux en tant que plateformes intégrées de production pour l'alimentation humaine et animale, les carburants et les matières premières industrielles renouvelables : Manipulation de la composition lipidique de la plante par ingénierie métabolique et nouvelles opportunités d'associations génétiques pour l'amé-lioration des cultures et la valorisation des coproduits. Le monde fait face à des défis considérables, incluant le moyen de produire davantage de biomasse pour l'alimentation humaine et animale, les carburants et les matières premières industrielles, et ce sans impact environnemental significatif ou sans accroître notre consommation de ressources limitées comme l'eau ou le carbone dérivé du pétrole. Cela a été décrit comme de l'intensification durable. Les oléa-gineux disposent du potentiel nécessaire pour fournir des ressources renouvelables pour toutes ces matières premières, sous réserve qu'ils puissent être manipulés ...

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Biochemistry of high stearic sunflower, a new source of saturated fats

Cited by 28 publications

References 75 publications

Multiple mechanisms contribute to increased neutral lipid accumulation in yeast producing recombinant variants of plant diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1

Multiple mechanisms contribute to increased neutral lipid accumulation in yeast producing recombinant variants of plant diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1

Effects of refining process on sunflower oil minor components: a review

Oleaginous crops as integrated production platforms for food, feed, fuel and renewable industrial feedstock

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