Biochemical studies in experimentally Escherichia coli infected broiler chicken supplemented with neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract

Abstract

Aim: An experimental study was conducted on 192-day-old broiler chicks for evaluating the effect of 10% neem leaf extract (NLE) supplementationon biochemical parameters in chickens experimentally infected with Escherichia coli O78 at 10 7 CFU/0.5 ml at 7 days of age. Materials and Methods:The 192-day-old broiler chicks were procured. These chicks were divided into two groups (A and B) containing 96 birds each on the 1 st day. Diet of all the chicks of Group A was supplemented with 10%NLE in water, whereas chicks of Group B were given feed and water devoid of NLE supplementation throughout the experiment. After rearing for 1 week, chicks of both the groups (A and B) were again divided into two subgroups (Group A into A1 and A2 and Group B into B1 and B2) of 54 and 42 birds, respectively. At the age of 7 days all the chicks of groups A1 and B1 were injected with E. coli O78 at 10 7 CFU/0.5 ml intraperitoneally. Blood samples were collected from six chicks from each group at day 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28 days post-infection and serum was separated for biochemical studies.Results: There was a significant increase in serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, globulin concentration and a decrease in total protein (TP), albumin concentrations, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in both the infected groups. However, the changes in biochemical values, i.e., ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, TP, albumin, and globulin wereof lower magnitude in NLE supplemented group suggesting hepatoprotective and cardioprotective effect of NLE. Conclusions: Fromthe present study, it is reasonable to conclude that significant increase in the value of ALT, AST, LDH, globulin, and significant decrease in the value of ALP, TP, and albumin was of lower magnitude in supplemented infected group (A1) as compared to non-supplemented infected group (B1) suggesting hepatoprotective and cardioprotective effect of NLE.

Evaluation of Some Treatments for Coliform Infection in Chicken

“…While the infected and treated groups with Yeast and Sangrovit showed a significant decrease compared to the infected group. These results were in agreement with Madian et al, (2008); Sharma et al, (2015) and Fatma (2005) who found that the levels of ALT and AST were significantly increased in E.coli infected broilers as compared to control. These elevations due to hepatocellular damage caused by E.coli.…”

Impact of dietary Mannan-oligosaccharide and β-Glucan supplementation on growth, histopathology, E-coli colonization and hepatic transcripts of TNF-α and NF- ϰB of broiler challenged with E. coli O78

“…In the present study, E. coli infection occurred colibacillosis infection, which indicated by results of E. coli colonization and increased serum biochemical parameters. In addition, Sharma et al [19] reported that the increase in serum activities of ALT is indicative of cellular injury to hepatocytes and AST in cardiac muscles and hepatocytes as well. On the other hand, hypoproteinemia may be due to hepatocyte damage, which results in failure in the synthesis of plasma protein, where the liver is a site for albumin synthesis.…”

“…On the other hand, hypoproteinemia may be due to hepatocyte damage, which results in failure in the synthesis of plasma protein, where the liver is a site for albumin synthesis. Also, hypoproteinemia may be due to kidney disease, which leads to protein loss and congestive heart failure [19,20]. At the same time, hyperglobulinemia is associated with liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, and Kuffer cell proliferation [19].…”

“…Also, hypoproteinemia may be due to kidney disease, which leads to protein loss and congestive heart failure [19,20]. At the same time, hyperglobulinemia is associated with liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, and Kuffer cell proliferation [19]. However, dietary supplementation of agrimos® not affected serum AST and ALT activity and albumin concentration but significantly increased total protein and globulin of the serum.…”

Analysis of ultrastructural morphometric changes of pigeon kidneys affected by colibacteriosis

“…In adult birds salpingitis, ovaritis and yolk peritonitis [7][8][9][10] were found. Pathological and anatomical changes in farm animals with colibacteriosis have received extensive coverage in the literature viz., in poultry [11], rabbit [12], donkey [13], broiler chicken [14], human and calves [15]. However, research works focused on the study of synanthropic birds, in particular pigeons, which play a key role in the spread of colibacteriosis in cities, were of a single nature.…”