Biochemical Response of the Cyclopoida Copepod Apocyclops Borneoensis Exposed to Nickel

Abstract

The use of biomarkers to evaluate the biological effects of pollutants in marine organisms represents a recent tool in biomontoring programs. The cyclopoida copepod Apocyclops borneoensis was exposed to different Ni treatments [0 (control), 10, 100, 1000 μg l-1 Ni] for 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 days. At each exposure time, acetylchlinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH) were analyzed. Additionally, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level was measured after a 14-day exposure. The results show that Ni treatment significantly stimulated copepod's antioxidants SOD, GST and GSH at environmentally relevant concentrations after a certain exposure time. On the other hand, the exposure time significantly affected SOD and GSH. In contrast, Ni exposure significantly decreased LPO level, implying that the factor involved in LPO might not significantly depend on the operations and functions in the antioxidant defense system. In addition, Ni might also be a neurotoxic agent to copepods via changing AChE activity.

Biomarkers of environmental stress in gills of ribbed mussel Aulacomya atra atra (Nuevo Gulf, Northern Patagonia)

“…To protect against ROS, cells possess specific antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), among others (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 2006;Mohammed, 2014). The level of lipid peroxidation, which leads to the formation of secondary products such as MDA, has been largely measured as indicator of injury caused by ROS in different marine organisms (Almeida et al, 2005).…”

Effects of pesticides on Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827) evaluated by enzymatic activities along the north eastern Sicilian coastlines (Italy)

“…This study provides information on the ecotoxicological status of Chelon labrosus in the Milazzo Gulf, through the use of the esterase activities of AChE and BChE biomarkers, which have been validated as useful environmental diagnostic tools to recognize the presence of xenobiotic pollutants, such as insecticides in aquatic environments (Fossi et al 2002;Minutoli et al 2008Minutoli et al , 2013Fasulo et al 2010;Mohammed 2014;Parrino et al 2020). The neurotoxic effects of carbamates and organophosphates can be, in fact, evaluated by measuring the inhibition of the cholinesterase activity, even if many studies have also linked this inhibition to the toxic effects of heavy metal or hydrocarbon exposure (Payne et al 1996;Guilhermino et al 1998;Dethloff et al 1999;Sturm et al 1999;Parrino et al 2020).…”

Effects of a herbicide and copper mixture on the quality of marine plankton

“…Indeed, in another study Velisek et al (2014) showed that the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, was negatively affected in animals exposed to terbuthylazine, which can present profound impacts on production of MDA. On the other hand, another study (Mohammed, 2014) reported that a stimulatory effect of the activity of antioxidant enzymes occurred in a copepod species after being exposed to a metal (Ni). This lead to a reduction of MDA in those organisms.…”