Biochemical properties of thiaminase, a toxic enzyme in the gut of grasshoppers (Zonocerus variegatus Linn)

Ehigie, Leonard Ona; Okonji, Raphael Emuebie; Ehigie, Folashade A.

doi:10.4314/cajeb.v9i1.2

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This thiaminase had an optimal activity at 70 °C and only after 15 minutes exposure to 100 °C was it largely deactivated (Nishimune et al, 2000). The gut of the variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) also contains a thiaminase (Ehigie et al, 2013). This, however, has its optimal activity at a lower temperature (50 °C) indicating it is a different enzyme.…”

Section: B-vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional value of insects and ways to manipulate their composition

Oonincx

Finke²

2021

JIFF

140

109

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This article reports on the nutrients present in insects and factors affecting their variability. Data on protein content and amino acid profiles of a variety of insect species are discussed and their amino acid profiles compared to nutrient requirements of growing broiler chicks, catfish, trout, swine, and human adults and young children. Both in vitro and in vivo protein digestibility data for a variety of insect species is presented and factors affecting these data are discussed. Furthermore, the fat content and fatty acid profiles of a variety of insect species is reviewed, with special attention on omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Information on carbohydrates, fibre and chitin in insects is shown along with potential effects on nutrient availability. This is followed by a discussion of essential minerals in insects with an emphasis on calcium and phosphorus. Data on insect vitamin content is shown along with a discussion of antinutritional factors such as phytate and thiaminase, which can adversely affect their nutritional value. Dietary effects on insect nutrient composition are reviewed with an emphasis on essential minerals, heavy metals, vitamin E, and carotenoids. Lastly, the effects of processing, including protein extraction and various cooking methods on insect composition are discussed. In summary, this article provides an overview of the nutrient content of insects, and how select nutrients can be altered.

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Section: B-vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional value of insects and ways to manipulate their composition

Oonincx

Finke²

2021

JIFF

140

109

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“…According to (Hussain, 2015) Misleading information has a negative but insignificant correlation with customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is also measured as serious to perform business in today"s competitive market and telecom companies are no exemption (Ehigie, 2006) .This retention and possession of customers depend upon the customer"s perceived value. As customers" perceived value is the observation of customers about social psychology, quality, compensation, money, and benefits associated with the firm or services.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Deceptive Advertising on Customer Loyalty: A case of Telecommunication Industry in Karachi, Pakistan

Iqbal¹,

Siddiqui²

2019

ijim

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This study examined the impact of Deceptive Advertising on Customer Loyalty in the telecommunication industry of Karachi, Pakistan. This research was quantitative in nature. The sample size was 250; questionnaires were distributed electronically and manually. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to analyze the data with the help of SPSS. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS, conducted to ensure the model and testing the hypothesis. The outcome of the present study verifies that word of mouth has a strong significant influence on customer loyalty. Hence customer satisfaction and customer trust are causing word of mouth in a positive and significant way. So it shows that there is a positive and strongly significant influence of customer satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty with the mediation of word of mouth. On the other hand, deceptive ads are causing word of mouth in a negative way. Hence it is concluded that deceptive ads have a negative influence on customer loyalty with the mediation of word of mouth. This study suggested that in order to increase customer loyalty and build a long-term relationship with the customer’s telecom companies should focus on accurate information and rendering the level of competitive services to their customers.

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“…Alcohol is notorious for causing thiamine deficiency in affluent nations by interfering with thiamine intake, absorption, and cellular utilization (Martin et al ., 2003). Other foods or drugs that can reduce thiamine concentrations in the body due to the presence of thiamine antagonists and thiaminases include tea, coffee, betel nut, raw fish, and certain edible insects (Nishimune et al ., 2000; Ehigie et al ., 2013; Pacei et al ., 2020). While primarily excreted in the urine, free thiamine is also secreted in the sweat (Cornbleet et al ., 1943), with approximately 8% of ingested thiamine secreted through the skin (Alexander and Landwehr, 1946).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiamine (vitamin B1) as an insect repellent: a scoping review

Shelomi

2022

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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While the desire for systemic repellents is high, ineffective repellents put one at risk of insect-vectored pathogens. Vitamin B1, or thiamine, has been touted as a systemic insect repellent since 1943, and denounced as an ineffective placebo for just as long. This paper presents a scoping review of 104 relevant case reports, research studies, and review articles to trace the evolution of this idea and identify an evidence-based, scientific consensus. Reports of thiamine's systemic repellency are primarily anecdotal and based on uncontrolled trials and/or used bite symptoms as a proxy for reduced biting. Controlled experiments on insect landing and feeding found no evidence of repellency. Of the 49 relevant review papers, 16 insect bite prevention guidelines, and 4 government documents, none after the 1990s claimed thiamine is a repellent. The findings of this review are that thiamine cannot repel arthropods in any dosage or route of administration. Due to limited available evidence, the possibility that thiamine reduces the subjective symptoms of insect bites cannot currently be ruled out. Unfortunately, many medical professionals and travelers today still believe thiamine may be effective despite the evidence stating otherwise. Continued promotion of debunked repellents on the commercial market poses a serious risk in countries with the endemic, mosquito-vectored disease.

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Biochemical properties of thiaminase, a toxic enzyme in the gut of grasshoppers (Zonocerus variegatus Linn)

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Nutritional value of insects and ways to manipulate their composition

Nutritional value of insects and ways to manipulate their composition

The Impact of Deceptive Advertising on Customer Loyalty: A case of Telecommunication Industry in Karachi, Pakistan

Thiamine (vitamin B1) as an insect repellent: a scoping review

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