Biochemical Profiles of Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women Attending at the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

BackgroundPregnancy is a natural physiological statement with hormonal and metabolic changes that helps the growth and survival of the fetus. However, biochemical profiles derangement may lead to pregnancy complications. Therefore, there is a need for determining biochemical profiles among pregnant women.MethodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant and non-pregnant women at the University of Gondar Hospital, from February to April, 2015. Fasting blood sample was collected from 139 pregnant and 139 age matched non-pregnant women using systematic random sampling technique. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured by A25 Biosytemchemistry analyzer using enzymatic calorimetric methods. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Level of significance between groups was analyzed using independent student t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultPregnant women as compared to non-pregnant had significantly increased glucose (96.35±14.45 and 81.12±9.86 mg/dl), total cholesterol (211.9±40.88 and 172.40±29.64 mg/dl) [p<0.05], respectively. It had also significantly high triglycerides (190.81±81.04 and 107.43±45.80 mg/dl) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (116.03±37.26 and 86.12±27.29mg/dl) [p<05] in pregnant as compared to non-pregnant women. The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in pregnant women (59.58±14.26) than control (63.63±11.4, P <0.05).ConclusionThere were statistically significant increment in glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decrement in high-density lipoprote in cholesterol levels among pregnant women compared with non-pregnant women. Therefore, pregnant women have to be monitored closely for their biochemical profiles to avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Assessment of renal function tests, serum total protein, and lipid profile concentrations among pregnancy-induced hypertension attending women in Asrade Zewudie Memorable Hospital (ASZMPH), Gojjam, Ethiopia: Case-control study

“…In hypertensive pregnant women, the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL significantly increased and the serum level of HDL significantly decreased in the 3 rd trimester of pregnancy relative to those in the 2 nd trimester. The decreased levels of HDL in the 3rd trimester of hypertensive pregnant women in our study are in agreement with already published reports (Rabia et al, 2013;Ali et al, 2017;Alemu et al, 2018). From the results of our study, it can be found that serum levels of TC, TG, HDL, and LDL are more profound in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy in hypertensive pregnant women as compared to that of normotensive pregnant women (Table 7).…”

“…But the serum level of HDL was significantly low in case groups relative to the control groups (P<0.05). This finding was similar with the finding of different previous published studies (Roohi et al, 2015;Pusukuru et al, 2016;Rabia et al, 2013;Ali et al, 2017;Alemu et al, 2018) in which all reported that pregnant women as compared to non-pregnant had significantly increased total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05) along with significantly lower level of HDL cholesterol (P <0.05). On the contrary, the finding of this study was not in line with the finding of a case-control study done in India which reported that the changes in lipid profile were not significant as compared to controls (Chopra et al, 2017).…”

Maternal Plasma l-Carnitine Reduction During Pregnancy Is Mainly Attributed to OCTN2-Mediated Placental Uptake and Does Not Result in Maternal Hepatic Fatty Acidβ-Oxidation Decline

“…It was known that plasma lipid levels, including those of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), were markedly higher in pregnant women than those in nonpregnant women, and were increased as gestation proceeds (Alemu et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018). Compared with healthy control subjects, the levels of TG and TC were much higher in women with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (Pecks et al, 2016;Layton et al, 2019).…”

Evaluation of Protein Oxidation Parameters in Women with Pregnancy Complications

“…Table (1) represents the TP and the activity and specific activity of Cp as (mean ± SE) for all studied groups . Table ( The different letters referred to significant differences, while similar letters referred to nonsignificant differences between the compared groups, P≤0.05 significant and P≥0.05 non-significant.…”

“…Pregnancy is a natural physiological condition characterized by metabolic and hormonal changes that help the fetus growth and survival. The metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems of the body undergo physiological alterations [1]. Human gestation lasts about (40) weeks and is divided into three trimesters, start with fertilization and end with birth [2].…”