Biochemical indicators of pollution exposure in shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius), caught in four harbours on the southwest coast of Iceland

Stephensen, Eiríkur; Svavarsson, Jörundur; Sturve, Joachim; Ericson, Gunilla; Adolfsson-Erici, Margaretha; Förlin, Lars

doi:10.1016/s0166-445x(99)00062-4

Cited by 174 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The GR has an important role as an antioxidant within the cell, since it is responsible for catalysing the reduction of GSSG to its reduced form, GSH, necessary for cell protection against oxidative stress (Tekman et al, 2008). Fish from polluted sites can show increased GR activity because of the high concentration of peroxidative components present in aquatic environments (Stephensen et al, 2000). In the present study an increase in GR activity was observed only in the gills after exposure to 96 h to both concentrations of lyophilised MA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 38%

Biochemical and genetic alterations in the freshwater neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus after acute exposure to Microcystis aeruginosa

Garcia

Martinez

2012

Neotrop. ichthyol.

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Microcystins are secondary metabolites produced by different species of cyanobacteria, such as Microcystis aeruginosa (MA). In this study, the biochemical and genetic effects of lyophilized MA were evaluated in the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus exposed to 1 or 2 mg L -1 lyophilized MA (treated group) or only water (control group) in static toxicity tests for 24 and 96 h. The gills and liver were used in the analysis of biotransformation enzymes and antioxidant defenses, blood and gill cells in genetic analysis and in brain and muscle it was determined the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The results showed the biotransformation pathway activation due to the increase in hepatic CYP1A and in branchial and hepatic glutathione Stransferase (GST). The antioxidant defense proved to be greatly affected by MA exposure leading to changes, both in gills and liver, in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and in the content of tripeptide glutathione (GSH). Lipid peroxidation was not detected, but damage to DNA molecule was observed in blood cells. In conclusion, it can be state the lyophilized MA is able to promote changes in the biochemical and genetic parameters of P. lineatus.As microcistinas são metabólitos secundários produzidos por diferentes espécies de cianobactérias, como a Microcystis aeruginosa (MA). Neste estudo, os efeitos bioquímicos e genéticos de liofilizado de MA foram avaliados para juvenis da espécie de peixe Neotropical Prochilodus lineatus expostos a 1 ou 2 mg L -1 de liofilizado de MA (grupo tratado) ou apenas à água (grupo controle), em testes de toxicidade estáticos, durante 24 e 96 h. As brânquias e o fígado foram usados para as análises das enzimas de biotransformação e defesas antioxidantes, células do sangue e das brânquias para análises genéticas e no cérebro e músculo foi determinada a atividade da acetilcolinesterase (AChE). Os resultados mostraram ativação da via de biotransformação devido ao aumento da atividade da CYP1A hepática e da atividade da glutationa S-transferase (GST) hepática e branquial. As defesas antioxidantes foram muito afetadas pela exposição a MA levando a alterações, tanto no fígado como nas brânquias, na atividade da superóxido dismutase (SOD), da catalase (CAT), da glutationa peroxidase (GPx), glutationa redutase (GR) e no conteúdo do tripeptídeo glutationa (GSH). Apesar dessas alterações a peroxidação lipídica não foi detectada em nenhum dos tecidos, mas danos na molécula de DNA foram observados nas células do sangue. Em conclusão, pode-se afirmar que o liofilizado de MA é capaz de promover alterações em parâmetros bioquímicos e genéticos de P. lineatus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 38%

Biochemical and genetic alterations in the freshwater neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus after acute exposure to Microcystis aeruginosa

Garcia

Martinez

2012

Neotrop. ichthyol.

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“…Huuskonen & Lindström-Seppa (1995) and Stephensen et al (2000) found that the high HSI observed in the perch (Perca fluviatilis) and sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius) can be indicative of increased activity of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes. Figueiredo-Fernandes et al (2006b) also suggested a positive relationship between the relative liver weight and the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes of tilapia exposed to paraquat.…”

Section: Discus Discus Discus Discus Discussion Sion Sion Sion Sionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, exposed to waterborne copper

et al. 2007

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Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, of both sexes were reared in freshwater and exposed to 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5mg L-1 of waterborne copper for a period of 21 days. Liver and gill samples were collected after 21 days of exposure to copper and lesions were analyzed by light microscopy. The main histopathological changes observed in gills exposed to the highest concentration were edema, lifting of lamellar epithelia and an intense vasodilatation of the lamellar vascular axis. Although less frequent, lamellar fusion caused by the filamentar epithelium proliferation and some lamellar aneurisms were also found. The liver of control group exhibited a quite normal architecture, while the fish exposed to copper showed vacuolation and necrosis. These hepatic alterations were more evident in fish exposed to 1.0 and 2.5mg L-1 copper concentrations. The number of hepatocytes nucleus per mm² of hepatic tissue decreased with the increase of copper concentration. In contrast, the hepatic somatic index was high in fish exposed at 2.5mg L-1 of copper. In short, this work advance new knowledge as influence of copper in the gill and liver histology of O. niloticus and demonstrated that their effects could be observed at different concentrations.

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“…En effet, une inhibition de cette dernière a été observée chez la moule Mytilus galloprovincialis contaminée par le B[a]P (AKCHA et al, 2000). De même, une étude menée par STEPHENSEN et al (2000) a montré une absence de changement chez le poisson Myoxocephalus scorpius provenant de sites contaminés par rapport à leurs témoins relatifs. Des études menées aussi en terrain ont montré de même une inhibition de la réponse des glutathion-S-transférases chez des bivalves Scrobicula plana collectés dans un site contaminé par comparaison à des organismes provenant de sites de référence (ERKUDEN et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Étude de l’effet du cadmium et du benzo[a]pyrène sur des enzymes de phase I et phase II de biotransformation chez le polychète Nereisdiversicolor

Bouraoui¹,

Ghedira²,

Jebali³

et al. 2009

rseau

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Le présent travail reporte l’effet du cadmium (Cd), du benzo[a]pyrène (B[a]P) ainsi que leur mélange (Cd/B[a]P), à 1 µM, sur les activités d’enzymes impliqués dans la phase I et la phase II de biotransformation chez le polychète Nereis diversicolor en fonction du temps (après 12, 24, 36 et 48 h).L’effet d’une contamination aiguë par du cadmium à une dose de 1 µM après 12, 24 et 36 h montre une inhibition de l’activité NADPH cytochrome C réductase chez les individus contaminés comparés à leurs témoins relatifs, alors que le seul effet du cadmium sur l’activité glutathion-S-transférase n’est enregistré qu’après 36 h d’exposition. Quant au benzo[a]pyrène, les résultats montrent une augmentation significative de l’activité NADPH cytochrome C réductase après 12, 24 et 36 h d’exposition, alors que pour l’activité glutathion-S‑transférase, la variation significative entre les animaux témoins et traités n’est enregistrée qu’à 36 h d’exposition. Le mélange (Cd/B[a]P) inhibe l’activité NADPH cytochrome C réductase chez les individus traités par comparaison aux témoins relatifs et montre un effet inducteur sur l’activité GST sauf après 36 h d’exposition. Ces résultats montrent ainsi les interactions entre les polluants ainsi que leurs effets sur les organismes.The acute effects of cadmium and benzo[a]pyrene, individually and as a mixture, were evaluated on the phase I and phase II biotransformation enzymes of Nereis diversicolor (Polychaeta) collected from unpolluted sites. In the acute assay (1 µM) after 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, the comparison between worms exposed to cadmium and their controls showed an inhibited activity of NADPH cytochrome C reductase after 12, 24 and 36 h. For the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), however, inhibition in the presence of Cd was only noted after 36 h of exposure. Although exposure to benzo[a]pyrene resulted in a significant increase in NADPH cytochrome C reductase activity after 12, 24 and 36 h, a significant difference in glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity between treated and control animals was only observed after 36 h. The mixture (Cd/B[a]P) seemed to inhibit the activity of NADPH cytochrome C reductase and to induce the activity of GST in individuals but only up until 36 h of exposure. These findings illustrate the interactions between pollutants and their effects on organisms

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Biochemical indicators of pollution exposure in shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius), caught in four harbours on the southwest coast of Iceland

Cited by 174 publications

References 34 publications

Biochemical and genetic alterations in the freshwater neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus after acute exposure to Microcystis aeruginosa

Biochemical and genetic alterations in the freshwater neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus after acute exposure to Microcystis aeruginosa

Histopathological changes in liver and gill epithelium of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, exposed to waterborne copper

Étude de l’effet du cadmium et du benzo[a]pyrène sur des enzymes de phase I et phase II de biotransformation chez le polychète Nereisdiversicolor

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