Biochemical Effects of Short‐term Treatment With Carbenoxolone Disodium

The anti‐ulcerogenic activity of the unripe plantain banana (Musa species)

“…The mode of action of the banana factor appears to be unlike that of convential anti-ulcerogenic drugs in that it promotes mucus secretion subsequent to stimulation of the growth of mucosa cells rather than by directly stimulating the cells to secrete mucus. Two drugs of natural origin, carbenoxolone (a derivative of glycyrrhizic acid found in liquorice) and gefarnate (present in white headed cabbages) have related actions in that they have been reported to stimulate mucus secretion (Hausmann & Tarnoky, 1966;Takagi & Okabe, 1968). In a comparative trial between carbenoxolone and gefarnate, carbenoxolone was found to be superior in its anti-ulcerogenic properties to gefarnate (Langman et al, 1973).…”

Renin-Dependency of Glycyrrhizin-Induced Pseudoaldosteronism.

“…It has been shown that the development of hypertension and hypokalemia is not always observed in all patients taking glycyrrhizin or carbenoxolone. Indeed, Revers [16] reported the development of edema, shortness of breath and headaches in 20% of the patients treated with licorice; and Hausman et al [11] described hypertension in 3 of 15 patients treated with carbenoxolone. While it is not entirely clear what dictates these differences in response, older people, perhaps due to a decreased binding of carbenoxolone to plasma albumin with a diminished plasma clearance rate [17], and those with impaired renal or myocardial function are reported to be reliable indicators for predicting an increase in blood pressure or a decrease in serum potassium [18].…”

“…In addition, the development of pseudoaldosteronism, characterized by sodium retention, exaggerated potassium excretion, and suppression of both renin and aldosterone was described in patients who took large amounts of licorice or glycyrrhizin for long periods [1,[6][7][8][9]. However, the alterations in blood pressure and electrolyte balance in patients taking licorice or glycyrrhizin were quantitatively variable, with some individuals showing little or no change, whereas others exhibited gross abnormalities [10,11]. The present study demonstrated two points in patients with chronic hepatitis treated with 546mg of glycyrrhizin.…”

Disruption of gap junctions attenuates acute myeloid leukemia chemoresistance induced by bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells

“…Carbenoxolone (CBX) has been described for its role as a potent, effective, and water-soluble blocker of gap junctions [31,32]. This glycyrrhetinic acid is a derivative from a natural triterpene compound [33]. In vitro studies have shown that CBX induces apoptosis and inhibits cell growth in various tumor cells, including breast and lung cancers [34,35].…”