Biochemical Determinants of Severe Lithogenic Activity in Patients With Idiopathic Calcium Nephrolithiasis

Retrospective Review of Serum and Urinary Lithogenic Risk Factors in Patients With Osteoporosis and Osteopenia

“…14 Up to 70% of patients with renal lithiasis present loss of bone mineral density, 9 which is expressed in the form of increased bone remodeling factor levels, especially bone resorption markers in blood and urine. 10,15,16 The bone markers most usually used are osteocalcin (bone formation) and b-crosslaps (bone resorption), which were more elevated in group 3 than in the other groups. However, these markers, especially b-crosslaps, were also elevated in group 2 (patients with calcium lithiasis) as compared with Abbreviation as in Table 1.…”

What is the value of bone remodeling markers in patients with calcium stones?

“…Our studies on recurrent calcium stones and loss of bone mineral density [3,4] demonstrate the importance of bone metabolism and bone turnover markers in these patients; so, we believe that osteocalcin and b-crosslaps should be included routinely in the mineral and metabolic tests performed to patients with recurrent calcium stones as they provide useful information on bone metabolic activity. Moreover, the ratio b-crosslaps/osteocalcin has been evaluated and is higher in patients with recurrent calcium stones [4].…”

“…Also, patients with recurrent calcium stones and severe bone resorption present significantly higher serum values b-crosslaps, a specific marker of bone resorption according to recent studies [3,4]. This marker indicates a higher osteoclastic activity in patients with calcium stones, and may serve as a follow-up parameter and for medical treatment control (potassium citrate, thiazides or bisphosphonates).Our studies on recurrent calcium stones and loss of bone mineral density [3,4] demonstrate the importance of bone metabolism and bone turnover markers in these patients; so, we believe that osteocalcin and b-crosslaps should be included routinely in the mineral and metabolic tests performed to patients with recurrent calcium stones as they provide useful information on bone metabolic activity. Moreover, the ratio b-crosslaps/osteocalcin has been evaluated and is higher in patients with recurrent calcium stones [4].…”

“…Now a days, one of the markers that indicates the activity of bone formation more reliably is osteocalcin, which can be determined in serum and usually shows higher values in patients with recurrent calcium stones [3]. Also, patients with recurrent calcium stones and severe bone resorption present significantly higher serum values b-crosslaps, a specific marker of bone resorption according to recent studies [3,4]. This marker indicates a higher osteoclastic activity in patients with calcium stones, and may serve as a follow-up parameter and for medical treatment control (potassium citrate, thiazides or bisphosphonates).…”

“…Moreover, the ratio b-crosslaps/osteocalcin has been evaluated and is higher in patients with recurrent calcium stones [4]. This demonstrates that bone resorption is higher than bone formation, which is the most important reason for bone density loss in these patients.…”