Biochemical Conversion of Biomass to Fuels

Mahalaxmi, Swetha; Williford, Clint

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7991-9_26

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Biochemical conversion processes use biological agents, such as bacteria or enzymes (other catalysts in the case of chemical methods), to break down biomass and give rise to available carbohydrates, which can be converted into liquid fuels and biogas, as well as various types of bioproducts [57]. The most widely used biochemical methods in the generation of advanced biofuels are fermentation and anaerobic digestion [58].…”

Section: Chemical and Biochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass as One of the Most Promising Alternatives for the Synthesis of Advanced Liquid Biofuels: A Review

et al. 2021

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The use of biofuels offers advantages over existing fuels because they come from renewable sources, they are biodegradable, their storage and transport are safer, and their emissions into the atmosphere are lower. Biomass is one of the most promising sustainable energy sources with a wide variety of organic materials as raw material. Chemical, biochemical, and thermochemical methods have been proposed to obtain biofuels from raw materials from biomass. In recent years, a thermochemical method that has generated great interest is hydrothermal liquefaction. In this paper, a brief review of the main sources for liquid biofuels and the synthesis processes is presented, with special emphasis on the production of biofuels using hydrothermal liquefaction by using waste generated by human activity as raw material.

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Section: Chemical and Biochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass as One of the Most Promising Alternatives for the Synthesis of Advanced Liquid Biofuels: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable resource on earth, and ,is the main primary building block of plant cell walls [16,20,45]. Lignocellulosic biomass is hence, a complex mixture of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, with minor amounts of ash, proteins, lipids, and other lipophilic compounds.…”

Section: Composition Of Lignocellulosic Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the second major constituent of lignocellulose material and is heterogeneous, consisting of C5 sugars (xylose, arabinose), C6 sugars (mannose, glucose and galactose), and uronic acids, Hemicelluloses can account for up to 20-40 of the total dry weight of lignocellulosic materials cell wall [43]. Hemicelluloses molecules contain 50-200 monomer units, it serves as the link between the lignin and the cellulose fibres and therefore, gives the cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin network rigidity [16].…”

Section: The Hemicellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corrosion can be solved by the use of AL6XN alloy for barrel fabrication and screws of extruder [62]. Alkali treatment is most suitable during the extrusion process as it degrades less of the carbohydrate as it degrades the side chains of esters and glycosides leading to the structural modification of lignin [14,16,63,64]. Sodium hydroxide is the most commonly used in alkaline pretreatment as it breaks the ester linkages and solubilizes the lignins and hemicelluloses [65].…”

Section: Extrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the products from plants that have been utilized in biodiesel development are; rubber seed, Rubber seed oil , oil palm biomass , Wilson's Dogwood , Brassica napus seed oil,, Koelreuteria integrifolia oil , jatropha oil , castor oil , Eruca sativa , and Pongamia [2,6]. Lignocellulosic biomass is, however, low in oil content, and is therefore, not suitable for biodiesel production [14,16,17], hence has largely not been considered in this respect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Potential of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioethanol Production in Kenya

Otieno

Ogutu

2020

AJOCS

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Lignocellulosic biomass is the earth’s most abundant and renewable resource, and, lignin is its strongest component. The lignocellulosic biomass has a potential to produce bioethanol for both domestic and industrial use. The presence of lignin in the biomass, however, hinders the processing and production of bioethanol from the biomass. Hence, to enhance the chances of bioethanol production from the lignocellulosic biomass, lignin has to be pre-treated. The pre-treatment process efficiently separates the interlinked complex components. During the pre-treatment process, the strong lignin component that is highly resistant and a major barrier to solubilization is broken down by hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose. Pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass is therefore, necessary to make it more susceptible to microorganisms, enzymes, and pathogens. The initial pre-treatment approaches include physical, physicochemical, and biological methods. The major drawback of this pre-treatment process is its cost implications, as it’s very costly. Studies suggest that even though it’s a costly affair, the pre-treatment methods, however, have a significant impact on the efficient production of ethanol from biomass. Situation Analysis: Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass has mostly been undertaken in Brazil, USA, China, and India. In Kenya, however, little research on bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass has been done and adopted. The present review paper seeks to outlay the benefits of bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass, the composition of lignocellulosic biomass, its properties, different pre-treatment methods alongside advantages, and, disadvantages, and challenges encountered during bioethanol production. This review eventually will be of great assistance to researchers while developing bioethanol from different lignocellulosic biomass. Research, technology adaption/adaptation, and policy targeted at growing bioethanol industry, could enable Kenya to grow her bioethanol industry.

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Value‐Added By‐Products from Sugar Processing Industries

Akbar

Imran

2017

Food Processing By‐Products and Their Utilization

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Biochemical Conversion of Biomass to Fuels

Cited by 8 publications

References 91 publications

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass as One of the Most Promising Alternatives for the Synthesis of Advanced Liquid Biofuels: A Review

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass as One of the Most Promising Alternatives for the Synthesis of Advanced Liquid Biofuels: A Review

A Review of Potential of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioethanol Production in Kenya

Value‐Added By‐Products from Sugar Processing Industries

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