Biochemical characterisation of α-amylase in two aphid species, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and A. gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Darvishzadeh, Ali; Bandani, Alireza; Mousavi, S. Q.

doi:10.17221/71/2012-pps

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…It is tempting to link this deficiency to their specific, specialized feeding habits. However, amylase activity was detected in some aphids, 63 although the genes were not identified, and a purely bloodsucking bug like Rhodnius prolixus does have an amylase gene. Nonetheless, exaptation of such an enzyme to another function linked to hematophagy is a possibility, because in this species an α-glucosidase was recruited for hemozoin formation from the heme of hemoglobin.…”

Section: A Multigene Family In Insectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Amylases of Insects

Lage

2018

Int J�Insect�Sci

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Alpha-amylases are major digestive enzymes that act in the first step of maltopolysaccharide digestion. In insects, these enzymes have long been studied for applied as well as purely scientific purposes. In many species, amylases are produced by multiple gene copies. Rare species are devoid of Amy gene. They are predominantly secreted in the midgut but salivary expression is also frequent, with extraoral activity. Enzymological parameters are quite variable among insects, with visible trends according to phylogeny: Coleopteran amylases have acidic optimum activity, whereas dipteran amylases have neutral preference and lepidopteran ones have clear alkaline preference. The enzyme structure shows interesting variations shaped by evolutionary convergences, such as the recurrent loss of a loop involved in substrate handling. Many works have focused on the action of plant amylase inhibitors on pest insect amylases, in the frame of crop protection by transgenesis. It appears that sensitivity or resistance to inhibitors is finely tuned and very specific and that amylases and their inhibitors have coevolved. The multicopy feature of insect amylases appears to allow tissue-specific or stage-specific regulation, but also to broaden enzymological abilities, such as pH range, and to overcome plant inhibitory defenses.

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Section: A Multigene Family In Insectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Amylases of Insects

Lage

2018

Int J�Insect�Sci

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“…The salivary glands of aphid host a wide range of enzymes such as amylases, pectinases, cellulases, and proteases that promote its adaptive features on host plants (Cooper, Dillwith, & Puterka, 2010). The salivary secretions produced during the feeding of aphids on a plant may help in degrading the plant cell wall to facilitate penetration of the stylet or proboscis, digestion of phloem nutrients like carbohydrates and breakdown or detoxification of defensive compounds (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and oxidoreductase) produced by plants (Van Bel & Will, 2016; Boulain et al., 2018; Cooper, Dillwith, & Puterka, 2011; Darvishzadeh, Bandani, & Mousavi, 2014). Mutti et al.…”

Section: Rnai‐based Approach For Insect Vector Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%