Biochemical Changes in the Tissues of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Exposed to Organophosphorous Pesticides and Heavy Metal Cadmium

Abstract

Abstract-The acute toxicity of melathion (MAL), atrzine (ATR) and Cadmium (Cd) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) were investigated by acute toxicity (LC 50 ), and the results showed that the 96 h LC 50 followed the order: MAL>Cd>ATR. Furthermore, the accumulation of ecotoxicity in zebrafish body and correlated biochemical responses in brain and muscles were explored and it was found that MAL, ATR and Cd could be rapidly accumulated in fish body shortly after exposure. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in fish body increased after 96h exposure. The acute toxicity caused protein reduction in brain and muscles, and elevation of total lipid dry weight in fish body. Besides, some dose-dependent inhibition of AChE activity was found in brain and muscles of zebrafish exposed to higher concentrations of acute toxins. These can be employed in biomonitoring programs because they showed good correlation with toxins and were sensitive to different concentration patterns.

Histopathological Biomarkers of Exposure to Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Clarias Ggariepinus (African Catfish)

“…The report of this study agrees with the findings of López-López, and Sedeño-Díaz [14]. The outcome of physiological and biochemical changes in an organism can manifest as histological alterations and these represent reliable biomarkers of exposure to toxicants [15]. The concentration of chemicals and time of exposure determines the severity of the damage to the gills [16].…”

Effects of Cadmium Chloride and Glyphosate on Antioxidants as Biochemical Biomarkers in Nile Tilapia

“…Also, CAT and SOD activity increased significantly in muscle and brain tissues after exposure to different concentrations of Cd for 96 hrs compared with control [48]. After 96 hrs of exposure of Oreochromis mossambicus to endosulfan activities of CAT, SOD and GST in gill and liver cells showed significant increase in activity of all the three enzymes [49].…”

Zebrafish as a Potential Model for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Focus on Toxic Metals Implications

“…Thus, after a 96 h Cd exposure, SOD, CAT, and AChE levels of activity recorded a significant enhancement. Yet, they noted behavioural alterations, such as decreased activity, loss of equilibrium, restlessness, abnormal swimming behaviour, and rapid gill movement [ 141 ].…”