Biochemical and Toxicity Effects of Some 2-Benzoylpyridine Derivatives on Eobania vermiculata under Laboratory Conditions

Abstract

Two derivatives of 2-Benzoylpyridine namely; (E)-4-((E)-4-((E)phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methyleneamino)benzyl)-N-(phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene)benzenamine (L) and its Cu(II) complex were prepared and screened in vitro on Eobania vermiculata species. The assessment of LC50 values of screened chemicals after 3 days of treatments was performed via the contact method. A series of four concentrations of the investigated compounds; (50, 150, 250, and 350 ppm) was prepared by using a mixture of distilled water and DMSO (3:1) by volume. The obtained results demonstrated that the tested snails were strongly affected after treatments with the prepared chemical compounds, which reflected the high toxicity of those compounds. LC50 data of (E)-4-((E)-4-((E)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl) methyleneamino) benzyl)-N-(phenyl(pyridin-2-yl) methylene) benzenamine and copper chelate are 54.81 and 91.29 ppm, respectively. Biochemical investigations for the treated snails were carried out to estimate the total protein content (TP) as well as the activity of the liver (ALT) and (AST) enzymes after 72 h from starting the exposure. The data authenticated that the (L) and Cu (II) complex reduced the AST activity to (53.97 ± 1.06 U/L) and (42.93 ± 0.96 U/L), respectively, compared to (56.97 ± 0.72 U/L) for control. While a high increase in ALT activity was noticed after treatment with the two tested compounds. The (TP) content of the tested snails decreased from (22.11 ± 0.22 mg/g) in control to (21.11 ± 0.80 mg/g) and (18.43 ± 0.71 mg/g) in the (L) and Cu (II) complex, respectively.

In Vitro Comparative Study: Toxicity of Calotropis procera, Nerium oleander Extracts, Methomyl, and their mixtures on Monacha obstructa

“…Monacha obstructa (Pfeiffer) snails are terrestrial gastropods known as dangerous economic pests due to their wide-ranging attacks on horticultural and agricultural crops, particularly in high-humidity habitats, resulting in poor-quality vegetables and fruits which in turn causes economic losses (Carlsson et al, 2004;Al-Sarar et al, 2012;El-Halim et al, 2021 andEmara et al, 2022). These snails are widely distributed and increased rapidly across Egyptian governorates (El-Halim et al, 2021 andEmara et al, 2023). While chemical control, particularly with methomyl, is effective against Monacha obstructa, it poses environmental hazards and affects non-target organisms (Edwards et al, 2009).…”