Biochemical and proteomic effects inProcambarus clarkiiafter chlorpyrifos or carbaryl exposure under sublethal conditions

Abstract

In vivo effects of two sublethal doses of chlorpyrifos and carbaryl were studied in Procambarus clarkii after 2 and 7 days of exposure, and after pesticide removal. Chlorpyrifos inhibited carboxylesterase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, but acetylcholinesterase was less sensitive. Compared with chlorpyrifos, carbaryl had a less marked effect on esterase activity. The effects of selected pesticides on biotransformation or oxidative stress biomarkers were contradictory. Chlorpyrifos lowered ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), catalase and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels but raised glutathione-S-transferase activity, while carbaryl raised EROD, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase, but lowered glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. The effects on protein expression patterns depending on pesticide type and the tissue used for analysis were studied in parallel by 2-DE. In gill and nervous tissue about 2000 spots (pI 4-7) were resolved, with quite different expression patterns. Chlorpyrifos altered 72 proteins, mostly in nervous tissue, and carbaryl 35, distributed evenly between organs. Several specific spots were selected as specific protein expression signatures for chlorpyrifos or carbaryl exposure in gills and nervous tissue, respectively.

Proteomics as a tool for tapping potential of entomopathogens as microbial insecticides

“…Both proteomic approaches have been increasingly adopted for insect pest management research (Table ). The examples of applications include insect–plant host interactions (Dastranj, Gharechahi, & Salekdeh, ), characterizing mechanism of action of synthetic and bio‐based insecticides (Dong et al, ; Erban, Harant, Chalupnikova, Kocourek, & Stara, ; J. M. Park et al, ; Roat et al, ), assessing impact of insecticides of nontarget organisms (Vioque‐Fernández, De Almeida, & López‐Barea, ), and characterizing EPM in managing insect pests. Contemporary proteomics research has the options of adopting gel‐based or MS‐based, labeled or nonlabelled approach to answer biological questions (Figure ).…”

Determination of antioxidant enzyme levels of narrow clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschsholtz 1823) exposed to carbaryl

“…Çalışma bulgularımıza uyumlu olarak Fernandez ve ark. 'larıda [24] Procambarus clarkii'lerde karbaril maruziyeti sonrasında hepatopankreas KAT aktivitesinin arttığını bildirmişlerdir. Çalışmamızda solungaç ve hepatopankreas GPx değerleri kontrol gruplarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gösterirken aynı zamanda 48. saat ve 7. gün arasında da farklılıklar gözlendi.…”

“…Bulgularımıza benzer sonuçlar Fernandez ve ark. 'larının [24] çalışmasında da görülmektedir. Procambarus clarkii'de karbaril maruziyeti sonrasında hepatopankreas GPx aktivitesinin kontrole göre arttığı gözlenmiş ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır.…”

New Methodologies for Assessing the Presence and Ecological Effects of Pesticides in Doñana National Park (SW Spain)

“…Chlorpyrifos lowered EROD, CAT and GSSG levels but raised GST activity, while carbaryl raised EROD, CAT and GST, but lowered GSHPx and GSH levels. The effects on protein expression were studied also by 2-DE (Vioque-Fernández et al, 2009b). In gill and nervous tissue about 2,000 spots were resolved, with quite different expression patterns.…”

“…In vivo effects of two model pesticides, chlorpyrifos and carbaryl, were studied under controlled exposure conditions in P. clarkii (Vioque-Fernández et al, 2009b). The organophosphate chlorpyrifos inhibited CbE in a concentration-dependent mode, AChE being less sensitive; in contrast, the effects of carbaryl, a carbamate, were less clear.…”