Biochemical and Metabolomic Responses of Antarctic Bacterium Planococcus sp. O5 Induced by Copper Ion

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution in the Antarctic has gone beyond our imagination. Copper toxicity is a selective pressure on Planococcus sp. O5. We observed relatively broad tolerance in the polar bacterium. The heavy metal resistance pattern is Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Hg2+ > Zn2+. In the study, we combined biochemical and metabolomics approaches to investigate the Cu2+ adaptation mechanisms of the Antarctic bacterium. Biochemical analysis revealed that copper treatment elevated the activity of antioxidants and enzymes, maintaining the bacterial redox state balance and normal cell division and growth. Metabolomics analysis demonstrated that fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates played dominant roles in copper stress adaptation. The findings suggested that the adaptive mechanisms of strain O5 to copper stress included protein synthesis and repair, accumulation of organic permeable substances, up-regulation of energy metabolism, and the formation of fatty acids.

Biological effects of Thymol loaded chitosan nanoparticles (TCNPs) on bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

“…Bacterial membranes are generally composed of lipids mostly phospholipids. During stress, the membrane lipid and fatty acid content in bacteria gets modulated to maintain the membrane fluidity and stability ( Cheng et al, 2022 ). X. campestris membranes consist of cardiolipin CL, phosphatidylglycerol PG, phosphatidylethanolamine PE, the methylated PE derivatives monomethyl-PE (MMPE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC).…”