Biochemical and Histopathological Evidences for Beneficial Effects ofSatureja Khuzestanica JamzadEssential Oil on the Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Abstract

The essential oil from Satureja Khuzestanica Jamzad (SKEO), an endemic plant from Iran, was evaluated for its activity against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). SKEO was examined on the experimental mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease, which is acetic acid-induced colitis. Prednisolone was used as the standard drug for comparison. Biochemical, macroscopic, and microscopic examinations of colon were performed. Lipid peroxidation significantly increased in acetic acid-treated mice in comparison to the normal group (4.88 vs. 3.02 mumol/g) and was significantly restored by SKEO (500, 1000, 1500 ppm) and prednisolone treatment. The mean percentage of decreases of lipid peroxidation in SKEO (500, 1000, 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups were 10.5, 28.5, 42.85, and 33.33 of control, respectively. The myeloperoxidase activity significantly increased in acetic acid-treated mice in comparison to the normal group (4.1 vs. 0.8 U/g) and significantly restored in SKEO (1000 and 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups. The mean percentage of decreases of myeloperoxidase activity in SKEO (1000 and 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups were 24.56, 50, and 52.63 of control, respectively. SKEO (1000 and 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups showed significantly lower score values of macroscopic and microscopic characters when compared to the acetic acid-treated group. The beneficial effect of SKEO (1500 ppm) was comparable to that of prednisolone. Known antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and antispasmodic potentials of Satureja Khuzestanica may be the mechanisms by which this plant protects animals against experimentally induced IBD. Proper clinical investigation should be carried out to confirm the activity in human disease.

A pharmacological and phytochemical overview onSatureja

“…The essential oil from S. khuzestanica was evaluated for its activity against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by Ghazanfari et al (2006). According to this report, the beneficial effect of essential oil (1500 ppm) was found comparable with that of prednisolone.…”

“…Satureja hortensis, S. khuzestanica, and S. thymbra are the plant species of which anti-inflammatory activities were discussed by Hajhashemi et al (2002Hajhashemi et al ( , 2012, Ghazanfari et al (2006), Amanlou et al (2005), and Karabay-Yavasoglu et al (2006) (Table 1).…”

Benefit of nicorandil using an immunologic murine model of experimental colitis

“…Tissue MPO activity, a marker of neutrophil sequestration and infiltration into GI tract, has been used extensively as a biomarker of inflammation [7][8][9]. This marker is stored in some immune cells, such as neutrophils, and is responsible for mediating microbial killing as well as initiation and progression of both acute and chronic inflammatory reactions [48].…”

“…Currently, the use of complementary and alternative therapies is also common in 50% of patients suffering from IBD [6]. Moreover, various herbal extracts [7][8][9][10], N-acetylcysteine (NAC) [11] and probiotics [12][13][14][15] have been suggested for the treatment of IBD, and the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in IBD has been investigated [16,17]. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to reach maximum efficacy and quality of life because of the side effects [18] associated with the treatments described above.…”

On the benefits of silymarin in murine colitis by improving balance of destructive cytokines and reduction of toxic stress in the bowel cells

“…Recently, the effectiveness of many pharmacotherapeutic agents including antibiotics [12][13][14][15], probiotics [16,17] and 5-aminosalicylates [18][19][20] has been meta-analyzed. In addition, using herbal extracts as a new strategy for management of IBD is currently in the center of attention [21][22][23][24].…”