Biochemical and biophysical characteristics of diarrhea viruses of human and calf origin

Abstract

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of purified preparations of human and calf diarrhea viruses indicated eight polypeptide components, or possibly nine in the case of the calf diarrhea virus. Thermal denaturation and analytical studies of the calf diarrhea virus genome showed it to consist of 11 doublestranded segments of RNA. The placing of the human and calf diarrhea viruses together with other similar viruses into a genus separate from reovirus and orbivirus, but within the family Reoviridae, is discussed.

Synthesis of human rotavirus polypeptides in cell culture

“…Human rotaviruses have been difficult to adapt to growth in cell culture, their successful isolation from faecal material requiring trypsin treatment, a limited temperature range (36-37"C), and a sensitive cell line [Birch et al, 19831. The final titre of adapted human strains is less than that of adapted strains from other species such as SA11 and bovine rotavirus [Birch et al, 1983;Estes et a]., 1979;Matsuno and Mukoyama, 19817. Early reports of the polypeptide composition of human rotavirus identified five proteins in single-shelled particles, with an additional three in double-shelled particles [Espejo et al, 1980;Rodger et al, 1975Rodger et al, , 1977Thouless, 19791, although at least one of these may have been a trypsin cleavage product similar to that reported for SAI 1 [Espejo et al, 1981;Estes et al, 19811. Growth of FH4232 in CV-1 cells at a multiplicity of 1 PFU/cell.…”

Equine rotaviruses—Current understanding and continuing challenges

“…They are icosahedral, non-enveloped viruses that have a segmented, double stranded RNA genome (Newman et al, 1975;Welch and Thompson, 1973). The genome consists of 11 segments (Rodger et al, 1975) encoding six virion proteins (VP1-4, 6 & 7) and six non-structural proteins (NSP 1-6). The eleventh gene segment codes for both NSP5 and NSP6.…”

The rotaviruses

“…Several groups of workers have endeavoured to characterize rotavirus leNA (137). The work has been done by chromatographic or gel electrophoretic separation of RNA segments isolated from rotaviruses of calves (90,104,130,91,136) infants (104,105,109,91,53), piglets andlambs (131,132) and the SA. 11 virus (i05).…”

“…RODGER et al (104) compared polypeptides of human and calf rotaviruses purified from faeces by fluorocarbon extraction and ceatrifugation through a variety of gradients. Using a discontinuous electrophoresis system according to LAEMMLI they found nine polypeptides having tool.…”