Biochemical and Antigenic Studies of Lactobacilli Isolated from Deep Dentinal Caries: I. Biochemical Aspects

Shovlin, Francis; Gillis, Robert E.

doi:10.1177/00220345690480030501

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thus, L. gasseri, L. rhamnosus, and a novel Lactobacillus phylotype (represented by clone L5) were the most numerically dominant species within the 65 carious dentine samples. With classic culture-based methods, L. casei, L. rhamnosus, and L. acidophilus are the most frequently isolated species (4,9,23,32,33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Diverse Lactobacillus Species Present in Advanced Dental Caries

et al. 2004

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Our previous analysis of 65 advanced dental caries lesions by traditional culture techniques indicated that lactobacilli were numerous in the advancing front of the progressive lesion. Production of organic acids by lactobacilli is considered to be important in causing decalcification of the dentinal matrix. The present study was undertaken to define more precisely the diversity of lactobacilli found in this environment and to quantify the major species and phylotypes relative to total load of lactobacilli by real-time PCR. Pooled DNA was amplified by PCR with Lactobacillus genus-specific primers for subsequent cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequence comparisons, 18 different phylotypes of lactobacilli were detected, including strong representation of both novel and gastrointestinal phylotypes. Specific PCR primers were designed for nine prominent species, including Lactobacillus gasseri, L. ultunensis, L. salivarius, L. rhamnosus, L. casei, L. crispatus, L. delbrueckii, L. fermentum, and L. gallinarum. More than three different species were identified as being present in most of the dentine samples, confirming the widespread distribution and numerical importance of various Lactobacillus spp. in carious dentine. Quantification by real-time PCR revealed various proportions of the nine species colonizing carious dentine, with higher mean loads of L. gasseri and L. ultunensis than of the other prevalent species. The findings provide a basis for further characterization of the pathogenicity of Lactobacillus spp. in the context of extension of the carious lesion.Dental caries continues to be a significant public health problem in many parts of the world. Although the bacteria responsible for caries initiation and early caries progression have been studied extensively, the microbiology of dentine caries has been reported to show considerable diversity and has not yet been fully characterized. Dissolution by acid of the surface enamel exposes the underlying avascular mineralized connective tissue matrix of dentine, which is prone to invasion. This occurs by migration of bacteria into the network of tubules occupied by processes of the pulpal odontoblasts. The early stage of invasion involves lactobacilli, Actinomyces spp., veillonellae, and mutans streptococci (for a review, see reference 19). This phase is followed by the invasion of a more diverse group of microorganisms including gram-negative anaerobes. There is evidence that interspecies cooperation enhances the migration of the mixed bacterial flora through the dentinal tubules (20,27).Lactobacilli have been reported to occur in high numbers in both superficial and deep caries (9), though they are not suspected of being involved in bacterial invasion of nonexposed dental pulp (12). Our previous analysis of lactobacilli by culture under microaerophilic conditions in 65 deep caries samples indicated that Lactobacillus acidophilus was numerically dominant, although Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lact...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Diverse Lactobacillus Species Present in Advanced Dental Caries

et al. 2004

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“…Seventy-one percent of the carious fissures retained S. mutans, accounting for more than 10% of the viable count, whereas 70% of the fissures free from caries had no detectable levels of S. mutans (372). Furthermore, it has been shown that aciduric bacteria such as Lactobacillus are detected in significant quantities in the dentinal carious lesion as the decay progresses (373,525,561).…”

Section: Epidemiological Relationship Betweenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology, immunology, and cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans.

Hamada¹,

Slade²

1980

Microbiological Reviews

1,171

810

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“…Another partial explanation for the absence of S. mutans could be the bacterial succession that occurs in the carious lesion. As the decay progresses into the dentine, the microenvironment appears to select for aciduric organisms such as Lactobacilli (26,37). In the dentinal lesion S. mutans is recovered from about half the samples (26; W. J. Armstrong, M.S.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association of Streptococcus mutans with Human Dental Decay

et al. 1975

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The association of Streptococcus mutans with human dental decay was investigated by using several types of samples: (i) paraf'fin-stimulated saliva samples taken from children with from 0 to 15 decayed teeth; (ii) pooled occlusal and approximal plaque taken from children with no decayed or filled teeth, or from children with rampant caries of 10 or more teeth; (iii) plaque removed from single occlusal f'issures that were either carious or noncarious. The results showed a significant association between plaque levels of S. mutans and caries. The strongest association, P < 0.0001, was found when plaque was removed from single occlusal fissures. Seventy-one percent of' the carious f'issures had S. mutans accounting for more than 10% of' the viable flora, whereas 70% of' the fissures that were caries free had no detectable S. mutans. Sixtv-f'ive percent of' the pooled plaque samples from the children with rampant caries had S. mutans accounting for more than 10% of' the viable flora, whereas 40%,". of' the pooled samples f'rom children that were caries free had no detectable S. mutans. Saliva samples tended to have low levels of' S. mutans and were equivocal in demonstrating a relationship between S. mutans and caries. Streptococcus mutans will cause extensive cavitation of the teeth in several animal species fed high-sucrose diets (21). In these animals, S. mutans is the dominant plaque streptococcus (22, 23). S. mutans appears to be distributed worldwide in human dental plaque (1) and these human isolates are odontopathic in the animal models (22, 24, 44). An association between S. mutans and human decay has been suggested by many studies (3, 9, 14, 16, 17, 19, 24, 28, 31, 34, 36). However, these data are difficult to interpret given the complex dietary,

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Biochemical and Antigenic Studies of Lactobacilli Isolated from Deep Dentinal Caries: I. Biochemical Aspects

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Quantitative Analysis of Diverse Lactobacillus Species Present in Advanced Dental Caries

Quantitative Analysis of Diverse Lactobacillus Species Present in Advanced Dental Caries

Biology, immunology, and cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans.

Association of Streptococcus mutans with Human Dental Decay

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