Biochemical Analyses of Action of Chlorfluazuron as Reproductive Inhibitor in Spodoptera litura

Deteriorating Effects of Methoxyfenozide on Survival, Development and Metamorphosis of the Olive Leaf Moth, Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

“…Also, larval duration was generally prolonged and the developmental rate of these larvae was regressed, in almost dose-dependent manner. This inhibited growth of P. unionalis by methoxyfenozide was in accordance with those reported results of inhibited growth of some insects by various IGRs, such as S. littoralis by flufenoxuron (Bakr et al, 2010), lufenuron (Adel, 2012), and novaluron (Ghoneim et al, 2015); P. demoleus by Diofenolan (Singh and Kumar, 2011), S. litura by chlorfluazuron (Perveen, 2012), Aedes aegypti (Farnesi et al, 2012), Culex pipiens by novaluron (Djeghader et al, 2014) and kinoprene (Hamaidia and Soltani, 2014). Likewise, some IGRs failed to affect the growth of different insects, such as M. domestica (Ghoneim et al, 1991), Periplaneta americana and Oncopeltus fasciatus (Darvas et al, 1992), Spodoptera exempta, Spodoptera exigua, and Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Smagghe and Degheele, 1994).…”

“…2). (Bakr et al, 2013), buprofezin (Nasr et al, 2010), methoxyfenozide (Pineda et al, 2004) and cyromazine (Tanani et al, 2015) against Spodoptera littoralis; pyriproxyfen against Eurygaster integriceps (Mojaver and Bandani, 2010); diofenolan against Papilio demoleus (Singh and Kumar, 2011); diflubenzuron against Halyomorpha halys (Kamminga et al, 2012); chlorfluazuron against Spodoptera litura (Perveen, 2012); flufenoxuron and pyriproxyfen against Locusta migratoria (Hu et al, 2012); kinoprene against Culex pipiens (Hamaidia and Soltani, 2014); flufenoxuron and methoprene against Agrotis ipsilon (Khatter, 2014) and lufenuron against Tribolium castaneum (Gado et al, 2015). Recently, IGRs exhibited various toxicities against some insects, such as pyriproxyfen against Spodoptera mauritia (Resmitha and Meethal, 2016); lufenuron and methoxyfenozide against T. castaneum (Ali et al, 2016); methoxyfenozide against C. pipiens (Hamaidia and Soltani, 2016); tebufenozide against Ephestia kuehniella (Tazir et al, 2016); lufenuron against Glyphodes pyloalis (Aliabadi et al, 2016) and Helicoverpa armigera (Vivan et al, 2016); fenoxycarb against Corcyra cephalonica (Begum and Qamar, 2016); methoprene and pyriproxyfen against Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus (Khan et al, 2016); cyromazine against Musca domestica, Stomoxys calcitrans and Fannia canicularis (Donahue et al, 2017); novaluron against Pectinophora gossypiella (Ghoneim et al, 2017a) and P. unionalis (Ghoneim et al, 2017b).…”

Toxicity and Disruptive Impacts of Novaluron, A Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor, on Development and Metamorphosis of The Olive Leaf Moth Palpita unionalis

“…Some malformed pupae had been observed in non-tanned segmented body or segmented body with tanned part and incompletely tanned part, depending on the concentration level of Novaluron (see Plate 3). The currently available literature contains many reported results of toxic effects of several insect growth regulators (IGRs)(Juvenoids, ecdysteroids and chitin synthesis inhibitors, CSIs) on various insect species, such as Spodoptera littoralis by Diflubenzuron [70], Triflumuron [71], Flufenoxuron [72], Lufenuron [73,74], Buprofezin [75,76], Tebufenozide and Methoxyfenozide [77], Cyromazine [78]; Papilio demoleus by Diofenolan [79]; Eurygaster integriceps by Pyriproxyfen [80]; Dysdercus koenigii by Flufenoxuron [81]; Halyomorpha halys by Diflubenzuron [46]; Spodoptera litura by Chlorfluazuron [82]; Locusta migratoria var. manilensis by Flufenoxuron, RH-5849 and Pyriproxyfen [83]; Culex pipiens by Kinoprene [84]; Agrotis ipsilon by Flufenoxuron and Methoprene [85] or Pyriproxyfen [86] and Tribolium castaneum by Lufenuron [87].…”

Impairment of Development and Reproductivity of the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) by Cycloheximide.

“…Also, cycloheximide remarkably enhanced the treated larvae to grow higher rate than control larvae. These results were found contradictory to many reported results of the inhibited larval growth in different insect species by various IGRs, such as S. littoralis by flufenoxuron (Bakr et al, 2010), lufenuron (Adel, 2012) and novaluron (Ghoneim et al, 2015); the common lime butterfly Papilio demoleus by diofenolan (Singh and Kumar, 2011), S. litura by chlorfluazuron (Perveen, 2012), the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti (Farnesi et al, 2012), C. pipiens by novaluron (Djeghader et al, 2014) and kinoprene (Hamaidia and Soltani, 2014). Also, our results of increasing body weights and enhanced growth of S. littoralis larvae disagreed with those reported results of growth inhibition in some insects by some anti-JH compounds, such as the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor by several chromene derivatives (Roberto et al, 1998); A. aegypti, Anopheles sacharovi and An.…”