“…BCs have the capacity to sorb or immobilize toxic metals (Beesley et al, 2011; Rees et al, 2014), salts (Hammer et al, 2015; Thomas et al, 2013), and toxic organic compounds (Hale et al, 2015), including allelochemicals (Elmer & Pignatello, 2011; Gámiz et al, 2021). Allelopathy increases the negative effects of many invasive species and makes them more difficult to manage, but BC is a promising tool against allelopathic invasive species (Sujeeun & Thomas, 2022) due to its ability to sorb and reduce the bioavailability of a wide range of organic compounds (Hall et al, 2014; Kumar et al, 2020). Recent laboratory trials have shown that BCs have the potential to alleviate the inhibitory effects of a wide range of allelopathic invasive plants (Bieser et al, 2022; Shen et al, 2020; Sujeeun & Thomas, 2017).…”