Biochar from food waste as a sustainable replacement for carbon black in upcycled or compostable composites

Kane, Seth; Ryan, Cecily

doi:10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100274

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Together, these differences result in a higher electrical percolation threshold for biochar than for Super P. This higher percolation threshold was observed in the packed powder electrical conductivity measurements presented herein (Figure 2a) and has also been previously observed for electrically conductive biochar in polymer composites. 33 This finding is further supported by ex situ four-point EIS measurements of the cathodes, which reveal that the impedance of the biocharcontaining electrodes (>1.5 GΩ) is many orders of magnitude larger than that of Super P-containing electrodes (0.07 Ω, Figure S8). This limitation to the application of biochar as a universal conductive additive may highlight the importance of the fluffy particle structure of Super P. The texture of both Super P and Vulcan XC-72R is composed of small (<100 nm) nodules formed during spray pyrolysis, giving both materials a high void volume and low unpacked density.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 55%

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Biochar as a Renewable Substitute for Carbon Black in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

Kane

Storer

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Lignin-derived biochar was prepared and characterized toward potential applications as a conductive electrode additive and active lithium host material within lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This biochar was specifically selected for its high electrical conductivity, which is comparable to that of common conductive carbon black standards (e.g., Super P). Owing to its high electrical conductivity, this biochar serves as an effective conductive additive within electrodes comprising graphite as the active material, demonstrating slightly improved cell efficiency and rate capability over those of electrodes using carbon black as the additive. Despite its effectiveness as a conductive additive in LIB anodes, preliminary results show that the biochar developed in this work is not suitable as a direct replacement for carbon black as a conductive additive in LiFePO4 cathodes. This latter insufficiency may be due to differences in particle geometry between biochar and carbon black; further optimization is necessary to permit the application of biochar as a general-purpose conductive additive in LIBs. Nevertheless, these investigations combined with an assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from biochar production show that replacing carbon black with biochar can be an effective method to improve the sustainability of LIBs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 55%

Biochar as a Renewable Substitute for Carbon Black in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

Kane

Storer

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Future studies on the optimization of food waste as biochar and properties are imperative to address the existing knowledge gaps and limitations especially on the post-consumer food waste. Moreover, future work on the optimization of food waste is noteworthy, given that the food waste has a heterogeneous structure, which then leads to the biochar production with varying chemical structures and properties [ 56 ]. Indeed, each food waste conversion comes with its own associated process conditions as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the food waste contains a high proportion of moisture content (> 80 wt.%), pyrolysis is reported to be non-promising due to the high energy penalty for the preliminary drying stage [ 56 ]. Specifically, Kaur et al [ 57 ] reported that drying of the food waste consumes energy of about 7.75 MWh per ton.…”

Section: Production Technologies Of Food Waste–based Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress on production technologies of food waste–based biochar and its fabrication method as electrode materials in energy storage application

Ismail

Othman

Rashidi

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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The abundance of food waste across the globe has called for the mitigation and reduction of these discarded wastes. Herein, the potential of biochar derived from food waste is unquestionable as it provides a sustainable way of utilizing the abundance of available biomass, as well as an effective way of preserving the ecosystem through the reduction of concerning environmental issues. This review focuses on the food waste–based biochar as advanced electrode materials in the energy storage devices. Efforts have been made to present and discuss the current exploration of the food waste utilization, along with the biochar production technologies through thermochemical conversion, including combustion, gasification, and pyrolysis method. Finding its limitation in literatures, discussion on the food waste–based biochar fabrication method as the electrode materials is elaborated, alongside the current food waste–based biochar that has been explored in the energy application thus far. Towards the end, the outlook and perspective on the further development of food waste–based biochar have been outlined.

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“…Briefly, the use of BC in PLA can lead to growth in the PLA market, thanks to a global improvement in the mechanical stability of this polymer [ 33 , 71 , 72 ]. Kane et al [ 73 ] investigated BC-added PLA composites and compared them to high density polyethylene HDPE composites. In contrast to HDPE composites, for PLA/BC composites, the work highlighted an impact of BC in thermal degradation behavior, which was shown through a decrease in onset degradation temperature and a global reduction in melt viscosity of the PLA, which was probably due to the presence of an inorganic element of the BC surface being responsible for catalyzing PLA thermal decomposition.…”

Section: Bio-polymer-based Composites Containing Bcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Materials Containing Biochar Particles: A Review

Infurna,

Caruso,

Dintcheva

2023

Polymers

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The conversion of polymer waste, food waste, and biomasses through thermochemical decomposition to fuels, syngas, and solid phase, named char/biochar particles, gives a second life to these waste materials, and this process has been widely investigated in the last two decades. The main thermochemical decomposition processes that have been explored are slow, fast, and flash pyrolysis, torrefaction, gasification, and hydrothermal liquefaction, which produce char/biochar particles that differ in their chemical and physical properties, i.e., their carbon-content, CHNOS compositions, porosity, and adsorption ability. Currently, the main proposed applications of the char/biochar particles are in the agricultural sector as fertilizers for soil retirement and water treatment, as well as use as high adsorption particles. Therefore, according to recently published papers, char/biochar particles could be successfully considered for the formulation of sustainable polymer and biopolymer-based composites. Additionally, in the last decade, these particles have also been proposed as suitable fillers for asphalts. Based on these findings, the current review gives a critical overview that highlights the advantages in using these novel particles as suitable additives and fillers, and at the same time, it shows some drawbacks in their use. Adding char/biochar particles in polymers and biopolymers significantly increases their elastic modulus, tensile strength, and flame and oxygen resistance, although composite ductility is significantly penalized. Unfortunately, due to the dark color of the char/biochar particles, all composites show brown-black coloration, and this issue limits the applications.

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Biochar from food waste as a sustainable replacement for carbon black in upcycled or compostable composites

Cited by 21 publications

References 81 publications

Biochar as a Renewable Substitute for Carbon Black in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

Biochar as a Renewable Substitute for Carbon Black in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

Recent progress on production technologies of food waste–based biochar and its fabrication method as electrode materials in energy storage application

Sustainable Materials Containing Biochar Particles: A Review

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