Biochar effects on soil biota – A review

Lehmann, Johannes; Rillig, Matthias C.; Thies, Janice E.; Masiello, Caroline A.; Hockaday, William C.; Crowley, David E.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022

Cited by 3,870 publications

(2,567 citation statements)

References 241 publications

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“…Furthermore, the decrease of βG and CBH activities by BC positively correlated with the BC application rate (Jin, 2010;Bailey et al, 2011). This decrease in the activity of C-cycling enzymes after BC application alone may be ascribed to the co-localization of C and microorganisms on the BC surfaces, which may improve the carbon use efficiency and reduce the need for enzyme production (Lehmann et al, 2011). It should be noted that the decreased enzymes activities (e.g.…”

Section: Effects Of Biochar and Fertilizer Addition On Soil Enzymes Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar affects soil organic matter cycling and microbial functions but does not alter microbial community structure in a paddy soil

Tian

Wang

Dippold

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

225

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Section: Effects Of Biochar and Fertilizer Addition On Soil Enzymes Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of biochar (BC) to soil is likely to feedback on ecosystem SOM and nutrient cycling by affecting the composition and function of microorganisms (Lehmann et al, 2011). However, the mechanisms by which BC application affects SOM dynamics via microorganisms remain unclear (Gul et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar affects soil organic matter cycling and microbial functions but does not alter microbial community structure in a paddy soil

Tian

Wang

Dippold

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

225

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“…In contrast, biochar exerts a suppressing effect on the microbial biomass ( contents in the soils unamended or amended with low rates oforganic fertilizers, which is attenuated with increasing the amendment rateo Most studies in the Iiterature report positive effects ofbiochar on microbial biomass ( contents in soils amended with biochar, mainly due to increased availability of labile organic substrates and micronutrients and provision of a favorable habitat for microbial growth (Lehmann et al, 2011;Luo et al, 2013 addition could be attributed to the sorption of organic substrates and key enzymes for organic matter decomposition on the biochar surface, resulting in a decreased e availability for microorganisms, negative effects of increased pH on fungal growth and biomass (Rousk et al, 2009), and incorporation oftoxic compounds. Our results suggest that the mechanisms by which biochar may decrease microbial biomass growth can be counterbalanced by the stimulating effect of increasing the addition ofdecomposable organic substrates with organic fertilizers.…”

Section: Soil (Fraetionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide emissions from semi-arid soils amended with biochar alone or combined with mineral and organic fertilizers

Fernández

Nieto

López‐de‐Sá

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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Semi-arid soils cover a significant area ofEarth's land surface and typically contain large amounts of inorganic C. Determining the effects ofbiochar additions on e0 2 emissions fram semi-arid soils is therefore essential for evaluating the potential ofbiochar as aclimate change mitigation strategy. Here, we measured the e0 2 that evolved fram semi-arid calcareous soils amended with biochar at rates of Oand 20 t ha-1 in a full factorial combination with three different fertilizers (mineral fertilizer, municipal solid waste compost, and sewage sludgel applied at four rates (equivalent to O, 75, 150, and 225 kg potentially available N ha-1 1during 182 days of aerabic incubation. A double exponential mode!, which describes cumulative e0 2 emissions fram two active soil e compartments with different turnover rates (one relatively stable and the other more labile l, was found to fit very well all the experimental datasets. In genera!, the organic fertilizers increased the size and decomposition rate of the stable and labile soil e pools. In contrast, biochar addition had no effects on any of the double exponential model parameters and did not interact with the effects ascribed to the type and rate of fertilizer. After 182 days of incubation, soil organic and microbial biomass e contents tended to increase with increasing the application rates of organic fertilizer, especially of compost, whereas increasing the rate of mineral fertilizer tended to suppress microbial biomass. Biochar was found to increase both organic and inorganic e contents in soil and not to interact with the effects oftype and rate of fertilizer on efractions. As a whole, our results suggest that the use of biochar as enhancer of semi-arid soils, either alone or combined with mineral and organic fertilizers, is unlikely to increase abiotic and biotic soil e0 2 emissions.

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“…There are many ways PyOM could affect soil microorganisms (Kuzyakov and Bol, 2004;Lehmann et al, 2011;Ameloot et al, 2013), including, but not limited to, microbial use of PyOM as a source of energy or nutrients, changes in soil physical or chemical characteristics, impacts on plant growth and interference with microbial signaling (Masiello et al, 2013). Recent research has only begun to identify PyOM effects on soil microbial communities, and it is clear that PyOM additions to soil can induce changes in soil microbial community composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of microbial community composition and soil organic carbon mineralization in soil following addition of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter

et al. 2016

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Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) additions to soils can have large impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling. As the soil microbial community drives SOC fluxes, understanding how PyOM additions affect soil microbes is essential to understanding how PyOM affects SOC. We studied SOC dynamics and surveyed soil bacterial communities after OM additions in a field experiment. We produced and mixed in either 350°C corn stover PyOM or an equivalent initial amount of dried corn stover to a Typic Fragiudept soil. Stover increased SOC-derived and total CO 2 fluxes (up to 6x), and caused rapid and persistent changes in bacterial community composition over 82 days. In contrast, PyOM only temporarily increased total soil CO 2 fluxes (up to 2x) and caused fewer changes in bacterial community composition. Of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that increased in response to PyOM additions, 70% also responded to stover additions. These OTUs likely thrive on easily mineralizable carbon (C) that is found both in stover and, to a lesser extent, in PyOM. In contrast, we also identified unique PyOM responders, which may respond to substrates such as polyaromatic C. In particular, members of Gemmatimonadetes tended to increase in relative abundance in response to PyOM but not to fresh organic matter. We identify taxa to target for future investigations of the mechanistic underpinnings of ecological phenomena associated with PyOM additions to soil.

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Biochar effects on soil biota – A review

Cited by 3,870 publications

References 241 publications

Biochar affects soil organic matter cycling and microbial functions but does not alter microbial community structure in a paddy soil

Biochar affects soil organic matter cycling and microbial functions but does not alter microbial community structure in a paddy soil

Carbon dioxide emissions from semi-arid soils amended with biochar alone or combined with mineral and organic fertilizers

Dynamics of microbial community composition and soil organic carbon mineralization in soil following addition of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter

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