Biochar can improve biological nitrogen fixation by altering the root growth strategy of soybean in Albic soil

Xiu, Liqun; Zhang, Weiming; Wu, Di; Sun, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Honggui; Gu, Wei; Wang, Yuning; Meng, Jun; Chen, Wenfu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144564

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The results indicated that biochar can improve seedling height, ground diameter, biomass, primary lateral roots, total root length, root surface area, and root volume of the model plant. These findings are consistent with a meta-analysis of the biochar effects on root traits [9,36,37]. Among the different treatments of biochar, C 2 (3%) proved to be the best for the development of seedlings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…It has been regarded as one of China's four major woody oil plants (tallow, tea, tung oil, and walnuts) [3][4][5] (pp. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The waxy coating of its seeds can be the raw material for soap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the survival rate of seedlings is negatively affected by insufficiently developed root systems [7]. To resolve this problem, our experiment aims to enhance its root growth with biochar based on previous studies finding that biochar can amend root growth [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar Improves Root Growth of Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. Container Seedlings

Chen

2021

Agronomy

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Background: The faulty development of the root system is a major threat that affects the survival rate of container seedlings of Sapium sebiferum in the transplanting and reforestation processes. The current study was conducted to determine the impact of biochar on the root growth and development of S. sebiferum container seedlings. Methods: Varied concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) of straw and bamboo biochar were applied in six groups, whereas the control group (CK) was only treated with matrix. Results: The treatment with 3% straw biochar (C2) proved to be the most effective soil conditioner for cultivating S. sebiferum seedlings. Moreover, C2 increased seedling height (58.92%); ground diameter (33.86%, biomass of the over-ground part (12.73 g), the underground part (7.48 g), and the fibrous part (0.076 g) compared to the CK (control). Conclusions: Biochar not only improved the root morphology by developing primary lateral roots, but it also accelerated the assimilation of N from the matrix to indirectly facilitate stem growth through enhancing NR activity. The change in root growth strategy contributed to the growth in S. sebiferum seedlings, thereby improving the survival rate during transplanting and reforestation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar Improves Root Growth of Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. Container Seedlings

Chen

2021

Agronomy

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“…Due to the high levels of phytochemicals that could reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, wild soybean is considered as the ideal halophyte crop, which has high economic values and is cultivated in the coastal soil of Yellow River Delta region [26]. As a legume plant, wild soybean had the ability of biological nitrogen fixation, which was a process in which diazotrophs fix and convert atmospheric N 2 to bioavailable ammonia and is catalyzed by nitrogenase enzymes [27]. Legume-Rhizobium symbiosis provided nearly half of the N used in agriculture worldwide, markedly minimizing the application of chemical fertilizers and promoting the friendly relationship between human and environment [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar Enhanced Growth and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Wild Soybean (Glycine max subsp. soja Siebold & Zucc.) in a Coastal Soil of China

et al. 2021

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The high salinity and nutrient deficiency in degraded coastal soil restricts crop growth and grain production. The development of effective and novel technology for coastal soil remediation is of great requirement. The effect of wood waste biochar (WB) on the growth and biological nitrogen fixation of wild soybean (Glycine max subsp. soja Siebold & Zucc.), a legume with high economic values and salt tolerance in coastal soil, were explored using a 42-day pot experiment. With the optimal rate of WB addition (1.5%, w/w), the biomass and plant height of wild soybean increased by 55.9% and 28.3%, respectively. WB addition enhanced the photosynthesis (chlorophyll content) and biological nitrogen fixation (nodule number) of the wild soybean. These results may attribute to the improvement of the soil properties including the SOM, NO3−-N content, and WHC. In addition, the shifted bacterial community following WB addition in the coastal soil favored the nitrogen fixation of wild soybean, which was evidenced by the increased abundance of nifH gene and Pseudarthrobacter, Azospirillum, and Rhizobiales. The results of our study suggested the potential of using biochar-based technology to reclaim the coastal degraded soils and enhance the crop growth to ensure food security.

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“…The study of Xie et al (2020) shows stimulation of NH 4+ turnover, decrease in NO3production and N2O emissions in soils by biochar application during 10-year vegetable cultivation experiment. Xiu et al (2021) monitored the root growth of soybean in Albic soil, which is a low-yielding acidic, poorly ventilated soil with poor available nutrients. In their research, biochar had a positive effect on a shoot and root growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of biochar application on soil properties and growth of the model plant Zea mays

et al. 2021

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The classic way of land cultivation means the use of inorganic fertilizers that are salts that dissolve rapidly in a short time and improve soil fertility. This process negatively affects soil salinity and the life of microorganisms. The use of biochar as a soil conditioner is a promising solution. The aim of the work is to enrich the properties of less fertile soils and to enhance the growth of the model plant Zea mays (corn) by biochar application. We used four different soil types commonly spread in the Czech Republic – regosol, chernozem, cambisol and fluvisol representing a broad range of organic matter content. Also, we applied two different EBC (The European Biochar Certificate) certified biochars for use in agriculture. Corn seeds were germinated and cultivated for 3 months in repeated plant life cycles. Soils and biochar samples were characterized before and after cultivation by TGA, EA, BET, SEM, extraction of organic matter. The effect of biochar application was observed continuously through the measurement of plant height, the number of leaves and cobs. After the finalization of cultivation experiments, the dry mass of individual plants was measured, and root image analysis of every plant was performed. Fluvisol and cambisol have much higher organic matter content than regosol and chernozem. The application of biochar had the most significant impact on regosol regardless of the application dose; these results are in good agreement with the root image analysis. Furthermore, plants in soils treated with biochar had more corn cobs. The analysis on biochar samples showed the continual leaching of both organic and inorganic molecules from biochar to surrounding soil, which is crucial for its possible use as a soil conditioner and confirms the long-timescale positive effect on soil properties.

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Biochar can improve biological nitrogen fixation by altering the root growth strategy of soybean in Albic soil

Cited by 58 publications

References 63 publications

Biochar Improves Root Growth of Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. Container Seedlings

Biochar Improves Root Growth of Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. Container Seedlings

Biochar Enhanced Growth and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Wild Soybean (Glycine max subsp. soja Siebold & Zucc.) in a Coastal Soil of China

The effect of biochar application on soil properties and growth of the model plant Zea mays

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