Biochar applications in microbial fermentation processes for producing non-methane products: Current status and future prospects

Effects of Alkali Activation of the Cotton Straw Biochar on the Adsorption Performance for Cd2+

“…The absorption peak at 633 cm –1 is caused by the angular vibration of O–H. By comparing the six curves in Figures and , respectively, it can be seen that the vibration of the absorption peak of the biochar after alkali leaching or preoxidation is weakened, and the absorption peak at 3230 and 1315 cm –1 disappears, indicating that high-temperature activation and chemical modification have destroyed the organic structure in the carbonized material. ,− In summary, cotton stem-based and cottonseed hull-based activated carbon materials may mainly have the following functional groups: alcohol (phenol) hydroxyl, amino, carbon double bonds, ether bonds, and so forth; while alcohol­(phenyl)­hydroxyl and amino groups are hydrophilic groups, which are beneficial to adsorption.…”

Inhibition of hyphal formation together with biochar addition promotes erythritol production by Yarrowia lipolytica

“…Numerous studies have proven that application of biochar in the microbial fermentation process could substantially enhance the product yield of biohydrogen, organic acids, and alcohols (Chen et al, 2022;Liu, Li, et al, 2023;Zhang et al, 2023). Recently, biochars prepared from rice husk, wheat straw, doudan, mushroom residue, and pig manure had been added to the erythritol SSF system, through which the erythritol titer could be increased (Liu et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2020).…”

“…However, the results showed that WSc instead of CSc and CNSc had the best effect, suggesting that the highly porous structure of biochar was one factor but not the only factor that affected the performance of Y. lipolytica on erythritol production. In addition to highly porous structure, previous studies show that the positive effect of biochars on product yield is also related to their abundant trace and nutrient elements, roles in electron transfer, and detoxification of inhibitors (Nguyen et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2023). WS contains abundant hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, aryl, amino, conjugate double bond, and other active groups (Yan et al, 2023).…”