Bioceramic materials in endodontics

Abstract

During the past two decades, a number of major advances have been made in the field of bioactive ceramics used for endodontic treatment. This article reviews the physico‐chemical and biological properties of bioceramic materials and the application of bioceramic technology to endodontics. Bioceramic materials, with their biocompatible nature and excellent physico‐chemical properties, are widely used in endodontic applications. They can function as cements, root repair materials, root canal sealers and filling materials, which have the advantages of enhanced biocompatibility, potential increased root strength following obturation, antibacterial properties and sealing ability. New bioceramic materials have demonstrated the ability to overcome some of the significant limitations of earlier generations of endodontic materials. Most bioceramic materials have been shown to be biocompatible and have good physico‐chemical characteristics, therefore having a potential use in clinical endodontics. Although in vitro studies on the use of bioceramic materials in endodontics have given encouraging results, randomized and double‐blind clinical studies of sufficient length with these materials are needed to confirm long‐term success following their use.

Comparison of Apical Leakage in Root Canal Obturation Using Bioceramic and Polydimethylsiloxane Sealer (<i>In Vitro</i>)

“…Ideally, root canal sealer has to be biocompatible, anti bacteria, non-toxic to the body tissue, insoluble in body tissue fluid, radiopaque, easy to use, stable, has a good adhesion, and was able to eliminate surface area between gutta-percha and canal wall [7]. Root canal filling material must be able to forge a barrier that can prevent bacteria entering the root canal space by creating monoblock bonding.…”

Classification and Nomanclature of Commercial Hygroscopic Dental Cements

“…The term is used on all of their products and often is used to collectively refer to MTA and other HDCs, which is problematic (11). As ceramics are non-metallic inorganic materials, the term 'ceramics' encompasses practically all of the powdered components of MTA, zinc phosphate, zinc oxide eugenol and GICs.…”

Biomimetic Materials in Dentistry

“…It has high pH (12.5), causes regeneration of the periodontal ligament (PDL), dentinal bridge formation, biomineralisation and stimulation of cell differentiation and has antimicrobial activity. However, difficulty in manipulation and longer setting time are its limitations [1] .…”

“…The application of biomimetic technology has demonstrated promising results in the field of dentistry [1] . These materials have gained increased acceptance due to their biological and physico-chemical properties, potential biocompatibility with the living tissues, acting synergistically with body tissues, thus depicting their repair role in eliminating body defects like bone loss etc.…”