Biocatalytic Microcontact Printing

Snyder, Phillip W.; Johannes, Matthew S.; Vogen, Briana N.; Clark, Robert L.; Toone, Eric J.

doi:10.1021/jo0711541

Cited by 38 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They extended the use of catalytic mCP to biochemical substrates by immobilizing exonuclease enzymes on biocompatible poly(acrylamide) stamps and created patterned DNA both on glass and gold surfaces. [86] …”

Section: Catalytic Mcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcontact Printing: Limitations and Achievements

2009

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Microcontact printing (µCP) offers a simple and low‐cost surface patterning methodology with high versatility and sub‐micrometer accuracy. The process has undergone a spectacular evolution since its invention, improving its capability to form sub‐100 nm SAM patterns of various polar and apolar materials and biomolecules over macroscopic areas. Diverse development lines of µCP are discussed in this work detailing various printing strategies. New printing schemes with improved stamp materials render µCP a reproducible surface‐patterning technique with an increased pattern resolution. New stamp materials and PDMS surface‐treatment methods allow the use of polar molecules as inks. Flat elastomeric surfaces and low‐diffusive inks push the feature sizes to the nanometer range. Chemical and supramolecular interactions between the ink and the substrate increase the applicability of the µCP process.

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Section: Catalytic Mcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcontact Printing: Limitations and Achievements

2009

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Section: -16mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the inkless technique obviates the feature size limitations imposed by molecular diffusion, facilitating replication of very small (<200 nm) features. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] However, up till now, inkless μCP has been mainly used for patterning relatively disordered molecular systems, which do not protect underlying surfaces from degradation.Here, we report a simple, reliable high-throughput method for patterning passivated silicon and germanium with reactive organic monolayers and demonstrate selective functionalization of the patterned substrates with both small molecules and proteins. The technique utilizes a preformed NHS-reactive bilayered system on oxide-free silicon and germanium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Lithographic Functionalization and Patterning Oxide-free Silicon and Germanium

Bowers

Toone

Clark

et al. 2011

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The development of hybrid electronic devices relies in large part on the integration of (bio)organic materials and inorganic semiconductors through a stable interface that permits efficient electron transport and protects underlying substrates from oxidative degradation. Group IV semiconductors can be effectively protected with highly-ordered self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) composed of simple alkyl chains that act as impervious barriers to both organic and aqueous solutions. Simple alkyl SAMs, however, are inert and not amenable to traditional patterning techniques. The motivation for immobilizing organic molecular systems on semiconductors is to impart new functionality to the surface that can provide optical, electronic, and mechanical function, as well as chemical and biological activity. Microcontact printing (μCP) is a soft-lithographic technique for patterning SAMs on myriad surfaces.1-9 Despite its simplicity and versatility, the approach has been largely limited to noble metal surfaces and has not been well developed for pattern transfer to technologically important substrates such as oxide-free silicon and germanium. Furthermore, because this technique relies on the ink diffusion to transfer pattern from the elastomer to substrate, the resolution of such traditional printing is essentially limited to near 1 μm. 10-16In contrast to traditional printing, inkless μCP patterning relies on a specific reaction between a surface-immobilized substrate and a stampbound catalyst. Because the technique does not rely on diffusive SAM formation, it significantly expands the diversity of patternable surfaces. In addition, the inkless technique obviates the feature size limitations imposed by molecular diffusion, facilitating replication of very small (<200 nm) features. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] However, up till now, inkless μCP has been mainly used for patterning relatively disordered molecular systems, which do not protect underlying surfaces from degradation.Here, we report a simple, reliable high-throughput method for patterning passivated silicon and germanium with reactive organic monolayers and demonstrate selective functionalization of the patterned substrates with both small molecules and proteins. The technique utilizes a preformed NHS-reactive bilayered system on oxide-free silicon and germanium. The NHS moiety is hydrolyzed in a pattern-specific manner with a sulfonic acid-modified acrylate stamp to produce chemically distinct patterns of NHS-activated and free carboxylic acids. A significant limitation to the resolution of many μCP techniques is the use of PDMS material which lacks the mechanical rigidity necessary for high fidelity transfer. To alleviate this limitation we utilized a polyurethane acrylate polymer, a relatively rigid material that can be easily functionalized with different organic moieties. Our patterning approach completely protects both silicon and germanium from chemical oxidation, provides precise control over the shape and size of the patterned features, and gives ready...

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“…Some patterned materials include printed lipids or polymers into tissue culture flasks or printing long-chain alkanethiols for organic-based sensors onto gold substrates. 12,13 Prior to each printing process, an elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp is molded against a preformed master with defined patterns for a specific application; the master is often generated using photolithography. 12 Once the PDMS stamp is ready for use, it is traditionally immersed in a composite solution, or ink, allowed to dry over a period of time, and stamped onto a substrate, often leaving a patterned monolayer with nanoscale resolution.…”

Section: Microcontact Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 The degree, or amount, of stamping is relative to the pressure applied to the stamp and its contact time (10-1000 s) on a substrate. 13 Recently, Zhao and coworkers have utilized a modified version of this technique to pattern lipid tubules onto gold substrates. 14 In these experiments, a PDMS stamp was created having parallel, recessed channel walls (4-7 µm apart, 0.8 µm high, and 1.0 µm, wide).…”

Section: Microcontact Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%