Biocatalytic C-C Bond Formation for One Carbon Resource Utilization

Abstract

The carbon-carbon bond formation has always been one of the most important reactions in C1 resource utilization. Compared to traditional organic synthesis methods, biocatalytic C-C bond formation offers a green and potent alternative for C1 transformation. In recent years, with the development of synthetic biology, more and more carboxylases and C-C ligases have been mined and designed for the C1 transformation in vitro and C1 assimilation in vivo. This article presents an overview of C-C bond formation in biocatalytic C1 resource utilization is first provided. Sets of newly mined and designed carboxylases and ligases capable of catalyzing C-C bond formation for the transformation of CO2, formaldehyde, CO, and formate are then reviewed, and their catalytic mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the current advances and the future perspectives for the development of catalysts for C1 resource utilization are provided.

Artificial multi-enzyme cascades and whole-cell transformation for bioconversion of C1 compounds: Advances, challenge and perspectives

“…Although these linear synthetic enzyme cascades provide promising alternatives in vitro , the poor kinetic properties of FLS and GALS currently limit their applicability in vivo [ 36 ]. Thus, to improve performance of the formaldehyde-condensing reaction in vivo , two strategies have been employed and achieved modest result.…”

When green carbon plants meet synthetic biology

“…The FLS pathway showed obvious advantages in reaction conditions, chemical driving force and biomass yield. 49 Furthermore, the product of FLS and HWLS, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, is directly linked to glycolysis. 47,48 Therefore, these pathways have become more feasible for application in vivo.…”

“…coli to increase the yield of L‐malate and butyrate. The FLS pathway showed obvious advantages in reaction conditions, chemical driving force and biomass yield 49 . Furthermore, the product of FLS and HWLS, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, is directly linked to glycolysis 47,48 .…”

Iridium(iii)-catalyzed photoredox cross-coupling of alkyl bromides with trialkyl amines: access to α-alkylated aldehydes

“…In the age of contemporary organic synthesis, cross coupling reactions enabling the formation of carbon–carbon bonds are some of the most crucial steps. 1 These reactions are highly significant synthetic tools for the synthesis of several medicines and naturally occurring compounds. 2 However, the majority of C–C bond forming cross-coupling methods involve the use of expensive metal complexes, strong oxidizing agents, high temperature and tedious work-up procedures.…”