Biocarriers for biofilm immobilization in wastewater treatments: a review

Al‐Amshawee, Sajjad Khudhur Abbas; Yunus, Mohd Yusri Bin Mohd; Vo, Dai‐Viet N.; Trần, Ngọc Hân

doi:10.1007/s10311-020-01049-y

Cited by 73 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…The cores, known as Kaldnes carriers [73], were originally used as supports for bacterial biofilms for utilisation in moving-bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) employed for biological wastewater treatment. The polymeric cores reinforced the mechanical stability of cryogels used for bioremediation or biotechnological process, such as biogas production [31,[74][75][76][77] (Figure 4). The carriers are designed to provide a large protected surface area for the microbial biofilm to grow and optimal conditions for the bacteria culture when the carriers are suspended in water.…”

Section: Design Of Functional Macroporous Cryogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Materials Used for Immobilisation of Bacteria for the Bioremediation of Contaminants in Water

2021

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Bioremediation is a key process for reclaiming polluted soil and water by the use of biological agents. A commonly used approach aims to neutralise or remove harmful pollutants from contaminated areas using live microorganisms. Generally, immobilised microorganisms rather than planktonic cells have been used in bioremediation methods. Activated carbon, inorganic minerals (clays, metal oxides, zeolites), and agricultural waste products are acceptable substrates for the immobilisation of bacteria, although there are limitations with biomass loading and the issue with leaching of bacteria during the process. Various synthetic and natural polymers with different functional groups have been used successfully for the efficient immobilisation of microorganisms and cells. Promise has been shown using macroporous materials including cryogels with entrapped bacteria or cells in applications for water treatment and biotechnology. A cryogel is a macroporous polymeric gel formed at sub-zero temperatures through a process known as cryogelation. Macroporous hydrogels have been used to make scaffolds or supports for immobilising bacterial, viral, and other cells. The production of composite materials with immobilised cells possessing suitable mechanical and chemical stability, porosity, elasticity, and biocompatibility suggests that these materials are potential candidates for a range of applications within applied microbiology, biotechnology, and research. This review evaluates applications of macroporous cryogels as tools for the bioremediation of contaminants in wastewater.

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Section: Design Of Functional Macroporous Cryogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Materials Used for Immobilisation of Bacteria for the Bioremediation of Contaminants in Water

2021

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“…and Flavobacterium sp. These microorganisms support their attachment by creating extracellular polymer substance (EPS), and proceed the denitrification process with slow evolution [15][16][17]. Certain microbial groups such as filamentous can be encouraged to expand under ample capital of energy-rich substrates such as fructose and glucose [18].…”

Section: Wastewater Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The usual activity in wastewater is the development of an immobilized multilayer matrix of microorganisms on solid surfaces utilizing hydrophobic interactions, covalent bonds, and electrostatic interactions known as biofilm formation [16]. These microbial communities include EPS, cell wall components, cilia, and fimbriae.…”

Section: Wastewater Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of wastewater bacterial bio oxidation: mechanisms, reactions, and behaviors

Al‐Amshawee

Yunus

2021

JCEIB

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The most overlooked biological process is the oxidation process, due to the poor technical understanding of bioremediation and the many unexplained biological mechanisms. As a matter of fact, wastewater companies favor the physical and chemical approaches over the biological means to ensure process performance. Biological oxidation provides environmentally friendly treatment with limited operational requirements. It has a tremendous ability to metabolize ammonia, H2S, phosphate, and ferrous iron under the right conditions. Bacterial communities attack these wastewater components through using oxygen as a strong electron acceptor, resulting in simplified forms of wastewater components (e.g., ammonia to nitrogen gas). This manuscript reviews in details the mechanisms of wastewater bacteria against various pollutants, with the possible reactions and behaviors. It also presents the benefits of utilizing wastewater microorganisms against different pollutants.

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“…Immobilization and growth of biomass as biofilms is proved to be a promising method to retain slow-growing microorganisms in bioreactors that operate continuously [20]. Supporting media provide a high surface area for biofilm development, which results in less sensitivity to toxic compounds [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Using Dual-Media Biofilm Reactors as a Real Coffee Industrial Effluent Pre-Treatment

Hasan

Shanmugam

Abdullah

et al. 2022

Water

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The coffee processing industry produces toxic and low biodegradable effluent, which can pollute water bodies. A pre-treatment study on coffee effluent using a dual-media biofilm reactor (DM-BR) containing sand and Hexafilter (HEX) was conducted alongside a control biofilm reactor (C-BR) containing sand media. The novelty of this study lies in the use of dual media in biofilm reactor (DM-BR) for real coffee effluent treatment, where these processes were used individually in previous studies. The performance of DM-BR and C-BR in treating coffee effluent were investigated at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs), 24, 48 and 72 h, and the degrading bacteria were identified. Both biofilm reactors were inoculated with a recycled paper mill-activated sludge and acclimatised for 97 days. The DM-BR displayed the highest removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N at 47% and 38%, respectively, within 48 h of HRT, whereas colour and tannin–lignin reached maximum average removal of 21% and 29%, respectively, at 24 h of HRT. The combination of sand and HEX media in a system showed COD and NH4+-N removal improvement at 48 h of HRT and encouraged a variety of bacterial species growth. Bacterial characterisation analysis revealed Proteobacteria to be dominant.

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Biocarriers for biofilm immobilization in wastewater treatments: a review

Cited by 73 publications

References 159 publications

Polymeric Materials Used for Immobilisation of Bacteria for the Bioremediation of Contaminants in Water

Polymeric Materials Used for Immobilisation of Bacteria for the Bioremediation of Contaminants in Water

A review of wastewater bacterial bio oxidation: mechanisms, reactions, and behaviors

Potential of Using Dual-Media Biofilm Reactors as a Real Coffee Industrial Effluent Pre-Treatment

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