Biobutanol: Biofuel of second generation

Shapovalov, O. I.; Ashkinazi, Leonid Aleksandrovich

doi:10.1134/s1070427208120379

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Compared to gasoline, corn-based n-butanol as a transportation fuel could save about 39-56% fossil fuel while reducing greenhouse gas emissions by up to 48% on a lifecycle basis [21]. Besides, nbutanol has several advantages over other biofuels such as ethanol and methanol [22][23][24][25][26][27]. n-Butanol has a lower auto-ignition temperature than methanol and ethanol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine fueled with gasoline and gasoline/n-butanol blends

Elfasakhany

2014

Energy Conversion and Management

141

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine fueled with gasoline and gasoline/n-butanol blends

Elfasakhany

2014

Energy Conversion and Management

141

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“…Their tendency to absorb water can cause handling problems. The main reason that ethanol is not being widely used as an alternative fuel is the fact that its production has never been suggested as economically reasonable, its production cost being three times that of gasoline 11 . Nevertheless, one of the advantages of bio-alcohols is that they are carbonneutral, because the carbon dioxide produced during combustion is already used by the plants and converted into oxygen by photosynthesis, as illustrated in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Small-Scale Gas Turbine Engine Fueled with Ethanol/Jet A Blends

Mendez

Parthasarathy

Gollahalli

2012

50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

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Gas turbine engines, such as those used in aircraft and stationary power generators, use large amounts of petroleum-based fuel and cause significant air pollution. The desire for energy independence and reduction in pollutant emissions has generated an interest in research on alternate fuels. Ethanol, which can also be derived from renewable energy sources, is an attractive alternate fuel. However, ethanol has a lower heating value than petroleum fuels. Hence, blending ethanol with petroleum fuels is a logical solution in the nearterm. Therefore, the effects of ethanol/Jet A blends on the performance and emission characteristics of a small-scale 30 kiloWatt gas turbine engine were studied. Blends of ethanol with Jet A in varying concentrations, ranging from 25 to 100% by volume, were used as fuels. The performance characteristics including the thrust, thrust-specific fuel consumption, and the emission properties, such as thrust-specific emission indices of CO and NOx, were measured for the different blends and compared with those obtained for Jet A over a range of throttle settings. The operational thrust range of the engine was reduced when compared to that available using Jet A fuel. The NOx emission was lower for the ethanol-Jet A blends because of lower temperature at the turbine inlet. The results indicate that n-ethanol-Jet A blend is a viable alternative fuel for gas turbine engines. Nomenclature EI i = emission index of a gas species (i) in the exhaust EI i, τ = thrust-specific emission index of a gas species in the exhaust f = fuel-to-air mass ratio m f = fuel flow rate MW fuel = molecular weight of fuel MW i = molecular weight of a gas species in the exhaust ρ f = fuel density ρ Jet A = density of Jet A fuel τ = static thrust x = average number of carbon atoms in fuel molecule X CO = mole fraction of carbon monoxide in exhaust X CO2 = mole fraction of carbon dioxide in exhaust X i = mole fraction of gas species (i) in the exhaust η th = thermal efficiency

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“…Due to its spectral, struc tural, and protolytic properties, this cyanine turned out to be appropriate for studying the ability to dissociation of dyes of various classes, e.g., sulfophthaleins, hydroxy xanthenes, azo dyes, etc. 1,4,20- 22 The interaction of AR with cyanine cations was not studied earlier. In addition, the influence of ionic surfactants on heteroassociates was revealed, and the kinetics of their destruction was studied.…”

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confidence: 98%

Heteroassociates of singly- and doubly-charged anions of alizarin red S with the pinacyanol cation

Shapovalov

2011

Russ Chem Bull

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The formation of heteroassociates of singly and doubly charged anions of alizarin red S with the cation of the cyanine dye pinacyanol in an aqueous solution was considered. The most probable structure of the heteroassociates was proposed on the basis of the data of spectro photometry and theoretical calculations (quantum chemical methods of determination of the geometry of the structures and the enthalpy of formation). The destructive effect of the ionic surfactants on the heteroassociates was established, and the kinetics of their destruction was studied.

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Biobutanol: Biofuel of second generation

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental study on emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine fueled with gasoline and gasoline/n-butanol blends

Experimental study on emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine fueled with gasoline and gasoline/n-butanol blends

Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Small-Scale Gas Turbine Engine Fueled with Ethanol/Jet A Blends

Heteroassociates of singly- and doubly-charged anions of alizarin red S with the pinacyanol cation

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