Biobased vitrimers: Towards sustainable and adaptable performing polymer materials

Sustainable design of vanillin-based vitrimers using vinylogous urethane chemistry

“…Very recently, the field of bio-based CANmaterials has been reviewed. 21 With lignin being the second most abundant biopolymer, after cellulose, and vanillin the only bio-based aromatic building block so far produced on an industrial scale from lignin, vanillin has attracted an immense interest. [22][23][24] The aromatic structure of vanillin is one of its attractive features, in contrast to vegetable oils that often do not result in materials with sufficiently high glass transition temperatures (T g ).…”

Biobased, Creep-Resistant Covalent Adaptable Networks Based on β-Amino Ester Chemistry

“…58,59 A comprehensive overview of the state-ofthe-art in combining reprocessable and renewable research strategies in the area of CANs is described in a recent review by Aveŕous and co-workers. 60 Although several biobased CANs have been reported recently, it should be noted that these materials are often only partially biobased or involve (multi)step derivatization of bioderived raw materials into functional building blocks, decreasing the overall sustainability. Additionally, many of the reported CANs are by far outcompeted by classical thermosets with regard to longterm stability (e.g., hydrolytic and thermal stability).…”

“…As described above, the development of recyclable and reprocessable covalently cross-linked networks and the construction of polymers from renewable resources are both stimulated by the economic and environmental problems associated with traditional thermoset materials. Consequently, efforts to combine these two strategies in material design for sustainable thermosets were already carried out with a focus on epoxy matrices and accessible transamination-based chemistry systems. , A comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in combining reprocessable and renewable research strategies in the area of CANs is described in a recent review by Avérous and co-workers . Although several biobased CANs have been reported recently, it should be noted that these materials are often only partially biobased or involve (multi)­step derivatization of bioderived raw materials into functional building blocks, decreasing the overall sustainability.…”

Biobased, High-Performance Covalent Adaptable Networks from Levulinic Acid and Amino Acids

“…In recent decades, various biobased feedstocks have been used to synthesize biobased thermosets, which lays the foundation for the development of biobased feedstocks. The development of biobased CANs has also made some strides, , especially for those derived from vegetable oil, lignin, fructose, vanillin, ferulic acid, isosorbitol, catechuic acid, etc. For example, Dhers and co-workers reported a fully biobased polyimine CANs using vegetable oil and furandialdehyde as feedstocks.…”