Biobased Biodegradable Waterborne Hyperbranched Polyurethane as an Ecofriendly Sustainable Material

Abstract

Research thrust to address the problems confronting the use of conventional polymers like high volatile organic compound (VOC) content still remains a challenge. In this context, the authors report the synthesis of a sustainable and biodegradable waterborne hyperbranched polyurethane (WHPU) using polyphenolic tannic acid in lieu of vegetable oil as the biobased component. The chemical structure of WHPU was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. An UV−visible peak at the wavelength of 282 nm confirmed the presence of catechol moiety in WHPU. WHPU exhibited pronounced thermostability and desirable performance (tensile strength, 6.87 MPa; elongation at break, 315%; scratch hardness, 5.5 kg for 15 wt % tannic acid based WHPU). The radical scavenging and hemolytic assays of WHPU showed their potent antioxidant activity and cytocompatibility with the erythrocytes, respectively. Furthermore, WHPU exhibited bacterial degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thus, the above results forward the synthesized WHPU as a potent ecofriendly and sustainable polymeric material by a simple approach that possesses a higher degree of sustainability over a purely petrochemical route.

Renewable resource modified polyol derived aliphatic hyperbranched polyurethane as a biodegradable and UV‐resistant smart material

“…The biodegradation study was conducted by the McFarland turbidity method using P. aeruginosa as the bacterial strain . In brief, a nutrient medium of mineral salts containing 2.0 g of Na 2 HPO 4 , 4.75 g of KH 2 PO 4 , 2.0 g of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 1.2 g of MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, 70 mg of ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O, 10 mg of H 3 BO 3 .5H 2 O, 0.5 mg of CaCl 2 .2H 2 O, 100 mg of MnSO 4 .5H 2 O, 100 mg of CuSO 4 .7H 2 O, 1 mg of FeSO 4 .7H 2 O and 10 mg of MoO 3 was prepared in 1 L of de‐ionized water.…”

“…In this context, the use of renewable resource based components reduces the risk of gelation due to the presence of low reactivity moieties . In addition, such renewable resource based HBPUs not only show improved properties such as flexibility and thermal stability but also provide structural versatility and other interesting properties . However, the shortcomings of such renewable resource based polyurethanes are their poor mechanical properties which limit their applicability.…”

Bio‐Based Hyperbranched Polyurethane Nanocomposites

“…For example, Mesua ferrea L. seed oil-based hyperbranched polyurethanes are modified by bisphenol-A based glycidyl ether epoxy and bio-based poly(amido amine) to obtain thermosets of the polymers with improved mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties (55). Similarly, bio-based hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane is obtained by a reaction of isophorone diisocyanate with PEG as macroglycol, tannic acid as a branch-generating moiety, and bis(hydroxyl methyl) propionic acid as an ionogenic center followed by neutralization with triethyl amine (56). Thus a large number of di/polyols are used to obtain a variety of bio-based hyperbranched polyurethanes.…”

“…This technique is used in many cases for the preparation of such nanocomposites as it is simple and preformed polyurethane is used. However, this technique is not a well-accepted approach for mass production of such nanocomposites due to the requirement of a large volume of solvent and phase separation of the prepared product except for waterborne such polyurethanes (56,63). In this regard, author and his co-workers reported a few bio-based hyperbranched polyurethane nanocomposites using preformed different polyurethanes with organically modified nanoclay, silver, and iron oxide nanoparticles, acidfunctionalized MWCNT, iron oxide decorated MWCNT,[57][58][59][60][61][62].…”

Bio‐based high‐performance waterborne hyperbranched polyurethane thermoset

“…[25] Briefly, required amounts of IPDI (4.44 g), BMPA (0.71 g) and PEG 600 (4.8 g) were reacted at 70-80°C in a four-necked round-bottomed flask equipped with a condenser, a stirrer, and a nitrogen inlet. The reaction was continued for 2 h. The ratio of -NCO to -OH was kept 1:6.…”