Bioavailability of coated and uncoated ZnO nanoparticles to cucumber in soil with or without organic matter

At nanoscale, man-made materials may show unique properties that differ from bulk and dissolved counterparts. The unique properties of engineered nanomaterials not only impart critical advantages but also confer toxicity because of their unwanted interactions with different biological compartments and cellular processes. In this review, we discuss various entry routes of nanomaterials in the human body, their applications in daily life, and the mechanisms underlying their toxicity. We further explore the passage of nanomaterials into air, water, and soil ecosystems, resulting in diverse environmental impacts. Briefly, we probe the available strategies for risk assessment and risk management to assist in reducing the occupational risks of potentially hazardous engineered nanomaterials including the control banding (CB) approach. Moreover, we substantiate the need for uniform guidelines for systematic analysis of nanomaterial toxicity, in silico toxicological investigations, and obligation to ensure the safe disposal of nanowaste to reduce or eliminate untoward environmental and health impacts. At the end, we scrutinize global regulatory trends, hurdles, and efforts to develop better regulatory sciences in the field of nanomedicines.

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“…Negative effects of nanoparticles on nitrogen and other biogeochemical cycles have been shown in numerous studies. 74–77 …”

Section: Environmental Impact Of Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles in Daily Life: Applications, Toxicity and Regulations

Gupta

Xie

2018

J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol

360

188

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“…Differences in plant behavior in response to nanomaterials might be attributed to the differences in the physicochemical characteristics of these compounds, which influence the uptake, biomolecular interactions, signaling cascades, and biological systems of nanoparticles. Recent scientific experiments have shown that nanoparticles are more bioactive agents than the bulk metal because of their unique physicochemical properties [49,50]. Differential behavior of plants in response to metal nanoparticles and bulk metal has been related to their surface and quantum effects, which in turn, influence their chemical reactivity and interaction with target biomolecules, like DNA, lipids, proteins and enzymes, and other cellular components [51].…”

Section: Flavonoid and Phenolic Content And Total Antioxidant Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant content, germination, and biochemical and ultrastructural cell characteristics of Portulaca oleracea L.

et al. 2019

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This report focuses on the application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) carrying phycomolecule ligands as a novel plant growth promoter aimed at increasing the crop productivity of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). Experiments were performed under controlled greenhouse conditions using a completely randomized design with nine replications. Purslane seeds were treated with four concentrations of ZnO NPs (0, 10, 100, and 500 mg L−1) and four concentrations of bulk ZnO (0, 10, 100, and 500 mg L−1). The ultrastructural characteristics of the leaves of the plants treated with of 500 mg L−1 ZnO NPs were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the treatment with ZnO NPs increased the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and total phenolic and flavonoid compounds significantly more than the treatment with bulk ZnO. Our findings also showed that the application of high concentrations of ZnO NPs is the most effective strategy to considerably induce the antioxidant capacity and enzymes of purslane plants. Furthermore, the seed germination percentage and sprout growth rates were significantly higher in the plants treated with 500 mg L−1 of ZnO NPs (100% ±0.00), compared to the control plants (93.33% ±1.66). The TEM images revealed the concentration of ZnO NPs and cell membrane rupture, as well as a deformation in the shape of chloroplasts and a decrease in their number in the plants treated with 500 mg L−1 ZnO NPs, compared to the control plants. Owing to their toxicity, high concentrations of ZnO NPs lead to oxidative stress in plants. Thus, our findings provide a new alternative strategy for increasing crop productivity, i.e., the application of ZnO NPs as a novel plant growth booster, in comparison with the bulk ZnO treatment.

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“…However, they found that 100 mg kg −1 of ZnO NPs inhibited the growth traits of cucumber. Similarly, the application of Z NFs increased shoot growth, leaf area, dry weight, final yield and protein contents in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.), rice, maize, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), and potato [21,[112][113][114]. In summary, Zn NFs in the form of ZnO are considered the most used NFs in modern agriculture through foliar, soil mixing, and seed priming applications; they are also more cost-effective than synthetic Zn fertilizers.…”

Section: Zinc Nfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Singh et al [111], ZnO NPs increased the germination of cabbage (Brassica botrytis L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), and they improved protein content, sugar content, and antioxidants activities. Likewise, Moghaddasi et al [112] applied ZnO NPs (100 mg kg −1 ) to cucumber plants and observed that the plants had a higher uptake of ZnO than their synthetic bulk. However, they found that 100 mg kg −1 of ZnO NPs inhibited the growth traits of cucumber.…”

Section: Zinc Nfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Fertilization as an Emerging Fertilization Technique: Why Can Modern Agriculture Benefit from Its Use?

Seleiman

Almutairi

Alotaibi

et al. 2020

Plants

184

105

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There is a need for a more innovative fertilizer approach that can increase the productivity of agricultural systems and be more environmentally friendly than synthetic fertilizers. In this article, we reviewed the recent development and potential benefits derived from the use of nanofertilizers (NFs) in modern agriculture. NFs have the potential to promote sustainable agriculture and increase overall crop productivity, mainly by increasing the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of field and greenhouse crops. NFs can release their nutrients at a slow and steady pace, either when applied alone or in combination with synthetic or organic fertilizers. They can release their nutrients in 40–50 days, while synthetic fertilizers do the same in 4–10 days. Moreover, NFs can increase the tolerance of plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, the advantages of NFs over synthetic fertilizers, as well as the different types of macro and micro NFs, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the application of NFs in smart sustainable agriculture and the role of NFs in the mitigation of biotic and abiotic stress on plants is presented. Though NF applications may have many benefits for sustainable agriculture, there are some concerns related to the release of nanoparticles (NPs) from NFs into the environment, with the subsequent detrimental effects that this could have on both human and animal health. Future research should explore green synthesized and biosynthesized NFs, their safe use, bioavailability, and toxicity concerns.

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Bioavailability of coated and uncoated ZnO nanoparticles to cucumber in soil with or without organic matter

Cited by 99 publications

References 27 publications

Nanoparticles in Daily Life: Applications, Toxicity and Regulations

Nanoparticles in Daily Life: Applications, Toxicity and Regulations

Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant content, germination, and biochemical and ultrastructural cell characteristics of Portulaca oleracea L.

Nano-Fertilization as an Emerging Fertilization Technique: Why Can Modern Agriculture Benefit from Its Use?

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