Bioassay of Oxytocin on the Superfused Mammary Gland of the Mouse, Using an Automatic Apparatus

Robinson, I. C. A. F.; Walker, J. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1974.tb09617.x

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Bioassays using the nonpregnant rat uterus and mammary gland bioassays could generally detect only concentrations above 25 μU/ml (42 pg/ml). The most sensitive bioassays used mouse mammary strips and could detect 4 μU/ml (7 pg/ml) in 0.5 ml of sample , although even this was still not sufficiently sensitive to measure levels in raw plasma.…”

Section: Bioactivity Of Oxytocinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Oxytocin and Vasopressin: Bioassays, Immunoassays and Random Numbers

Leng

Sabatier

2016

J Neuroendocrinology

186

148

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In this review, we consider the ways in which vasopressin and oxytocin have been measured since their first discovery. Two different ways of measuring oxytocin in widespread use currently give values in human plasma that differ by two orders of magnitude, and the values measured by these two methods in the same samples show no correlation. The notion that we should accept this seems absurd. Either one (or both) methods is not measuring oxytocin, or, by 'oxytocin', the scientists that use these different methods mean something very different. If these communities are to talk to each other, it is important to validate one method and invalidate the other, or else to establish exactly what each community understands by 'oxytocin'. A similar issue concerns vasopressin: again, different ways of measuring vasopressin give values in human plasma that differ by two orders of magnitude, and it appears that the same explanation for discrepant oxytocin measurements applies to discrepant vasopressin measurements. The first assays for oxytocin and vasopressin measured biological activity directly. When immunoassays were introduced, they encountered problems: high molecular weight factors in raw plasma interfered with the binding of antibodies to the hormones, leading to high and erroneous readings. When these interfering factors were removed by extraction of plasma samples, immunoassays gave measurements consistent with bioassays, with measures of turnover and with the sensitivity of target tissues to exogenous hormone. However, many recent papers use an enzyme-linked immunoassay to measure plasma levels without extracting the samples. Like the first radioimmunassays of unextracted plasma, this generates impossibly high and wholly erroneous measurements.

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Section: Bioactivity Of Oxytocinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Oxytocin and Vasopressin: Bioassays, Immunoassays and Random Numbers

Leng

Sabatier

2016

J Neuroendocrinology

186

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A few samples were also subjected to bioassay on the superfused mouse mammary strip (Robinson & Walker, 1974) and, where biological activity was detected, the samples were incubated for 30 min with an oxytocin antiserum (Rl4, final dilution 1 : 2500) and retested in the bioassay.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suckling in the Guinea-Pig: The Simultaneous Release of Oxytocin and Neurophysin

Robinson¹,

Woolf²,

Parsons³

1981

Journal of Endocrinology

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The release of oxytocin and neurophysin during suckling has been studied in conscious unrestrained guinea-pigs. After prior separation, mothers and litters were allowed to suckle for a period of 10 min, and the weight gain of the litter recorded as an index of milk transfer. Maternal blood samples were obtained without disturbance through previously implanted intravenous cannulae and neurophysin and oxytocin determined on unextracted plasma by specific and sensitive radioimmunoassays. In 82 out of 118 experiments the young gained weight during suckling (1.6 +/- 0.1 (S.E.M.) g/pup) and this was associated with large rises in both oxytocin and neurophysin concentrations in plasma (mean concentrations: oxytocin 65.4 fmol/ml, neurophysin 360 fmol/ml). Where serial samples were taken, oxytocin and neurophysin showed a rapid rise and fall in concentration closely associated with the occurrence of milk ejection as judged by the behaviour of the litter. The present results provide the first direct evidence of a spurt release of both oxytocin and neurophysin measured simultaneously during milk ejection. The conscious lactating guinea-pig thus provides a useful laboratory model in which to study hormone release during milk ejection.

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“…Oxytocin was assayed using a superfused mammary gland of a mouse (Robinson & Walker, 1974). Samples were always given in 0-5 ml and the responses compared with standards (synthetic oxytocin, Syntocinon, Sandoz), given in either 2+2 or 2+1 assay designs.…”

Section: Hormone Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were always given in 0-5 ml and the responses compared with standards (synthetic oxytocin, Syntocinon, Sandoz), given in either 2+2 or 2+1 assay designs. The Tyrode solution was the Tyrode 90 solution described previously (Robinson & Walker, 1974). Tyrode solution at pH 5-8 was made by adding concentrated HC1 or acetic acid.…”

Section: Hormone Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Small Amounts of Oxytocin From Biological Fluids by Means of Agarose-Bound Neurophysin

Robinson¹,

Walker²

1979

Journal of Endocrinology

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The use of agarose-bound neurophysin for the extraction of oxytocin from biological fluids is described. Oxytocin can be extracted from plasma, urine and cerebrospinal fluid with a high rate of recovery and samples varying widely in volume and oxytocin concentration can be tested by the method. Columns can be used to extract and concentrate dilute samples, or to help identify small amounts of neurohypophysial hormones by affinity chromatography. The oxytocin can be eluted from the column directly into the buffer used for subsequent bioassay. The composition of the final extract is constant and independent of the composition of the sample. The specificity of the binding is high. It is suggested that the method has many advantages over others in current use.

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Bioassay of Oxytocin on the Superfused Mammary Gland of the Mouse, Using an Automatic Apparatus

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Measuring Oxytocin and Vasopressin: Bioassays, Immunoassays and Random Numbers

Measuring Oxytocin and Vasopressin: Bioassays, Immunoassays and Random Numbers

Suckling in the Guinea-Pig: The Simultaneous Release of Oxytocin and Neurophysin

Extraction of Small Amounts of Oxytocin From Biological Fluids by Means of Agarose-Bound Neurophysin

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