Bioassay of Baltimore Harbor Sediments

Tsai, Chu‐Fa; Welch, J. Douglas; Chang, Kwei-Yang; Shaeffer, John; Cronin, L. Eugene

doi:10.2307/1351728

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Exposure of test organisms to sediment in suspension (e .g. Tsai et al ., 1979 ;Schmidt-Dallmier et al ., 1992) is relevant for example to the evaluation of dredged sediments for disposal at a dispersive aquatic site . Spiked sediments are commonly used in toxicity tests (Tables 2 and 3) to expose organisms to a range of toxicant concentrations .…”

Section: Critical Test Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicity analysis of freshwater and marine sediments with meio- and macrobenthic organisms: a review

Traunspurger

Drews

1996

Hydrobiologia

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Benthic metazoans play a key role as test organisms in toxicity analyses of aquatic ecosystems . This report gives an overview of the species of benthic metazoans used for the assessment of toxicity in freshwater and marine sediments, as well as of the criteria relevant to the choice between test species and procedures . The main applications of these organisms are mono-species bioassays, test-batteries, analyses of benthic communities and bioaccumulation studies . Sediment toxicity assays, including acute and chronic exposures, have been developed for nematodes, insects, oligochaetes, polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms . At least 30 species of freshwater and 71 species of marine and estuarine benthic metazoans have thus far been used in sediment toxicity bioassays . Although aquatic pollution is a world-wide problem, most sediment toxicity bioassays have been developed for organisms native to Europe and North America . The most common bioassay endpoints are mortality, development, growth and behavioural responses . The value of genetic, biochemical, physiological and pathological responses as toxicity endpoints is currently being investigated . The quest for additional test species and protocols is still a worthwhile endeavour in sediment ecotoxicology . Abstract 215Introduction 215

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Section: Critical Test Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bivalves have been used to investigate the toxicity of sediment particles in suspension (e .g . Tsai et al ., 1979) .…”

Section: Marine Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity analysis of freshwater and marine sediments with meio- and macrobenthic organisms: a review

Traunspurger

Drews

1996

Hydrobiologia

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“…These factors support the argument that toxicity assessments of aquatic systems should include exposure of test organisms to contaminants contained in the sediments. This is the rationale leading to relatively recent development and application of sediment toxicity tests, mostly in the marine environment (Tsai andothers, 1979 Swartz andothers, 1980;Chapman and Fink, 1984;Tietjen and Lee, 1984;Long and Chapman, 1985; 1985; Mearns and others, 1986). Freshwater studies include those of Prater and Anderson (1977), Laskowski-Hoke and Prater (1981), Cairns and others (1984), Malueg and others, (1984a, b), Nebeker and others (1984), and Schuytema and others (1984).…”

Section: Sediment Toxicity Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of ambient toxicity testing to national or regional water-quality assessment

Elder¹

1989

Open-File Report

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“…Contaminated coastal environments include Massachusetts Bay (Gilbert et al 1976), Narragansett Bay (Goldberg et al 1977;Hurtt and Quinn 1979), New Bedford Harbor (Weaver 1984), New Haven (Bertine and Mendeck 1978), the Hudson River-New York Harbor complex (Bopp et al 1982;Mueller et al 1982), Delaware Bay (NOAA 1991), Baltimore Harbor (Tsai et al 1979), Chesapeake Bay (Goldberg et al 1978;Helz and Huggett 1987), the James River (Huggett and Bender 1980), Charleston Harbor (Van Dolah et al 1984), and the Savannah River (Goldberg et al 1979). As widespread as the problem of sediment contamination appears to be, the general understanding of the geographical extent and ecological significance of the problem is not well developed (NRC 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies conducted in large coastal estuaries have demonstrated that temporal variations of chemical deposition in sediment can be reconstructed through the measurement of natural and man-made radionuclides (Goldberg et al 1977, 1978, 1979Bertine and Mendeck 1978;Hurtt and Quinn 1979;Bopp et al 1982). 2~°Pb and 137Cs have been widely used to estimate sediment accumulation rates and to determine chronologies of chemical deposition in sediment (Goldberg etal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the lower Passaic River, New Jersey

Wenning

Bonnevie

Huntley

1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Abstract. Thirteen sediment cores of 1.5-6 m depth were collected from the lower Passaic River in Newark, New Jersey and assayed for metals, total petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and Aroclor ® and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Chronological profiles of chemical concentrations at specified depths and sediment accumulation rates in each core were determined by 137Cs and 21°Pb radioisotope measurements. Temporal concentrations of these chemicals were compared to available benchmark sediment toxicity values to assess historic and current toxic hazards to aquatic organisms. Elevated concentrations of several metals, including copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc, were found in surface and buried sediments at concentrations that greatly exceeded Long and Morgan (1991) Effects Range-Low (ER-L) and Effects Range-Median (ER-M) values. Aroclors ® 1242, 1248, and 1254 and several PAHs were also found at concentrations exceeding Long and Morgan (1991) benchmark toxicity values. In general, the highest metal and PAH concentrations were found in sediment deposited prior to the 1960s. Elevated PCB concentrations were found in sediment deposited between 1950 and 1980. The results indicate that the lower Passaic River is heavily contaminated due to recent and historical municipal and industrial discharges from local and upstream sources. The primary sources of PCBs, PAHs, and metals appear to be discharges of industrial effluents either directly into the waterway or through combined sewer overflows. Additional inputs are probably from urban runoff entering through combined sewer overflows and storm drains.

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Bioassay of Baltimore Harbor Sediments

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Toxicity analysis of freshwater and marine sediments with meio- and macrobenthic organisms: a review

Toxicity analysis of freshwater and marine sediments with meio- and macrobenthic organisms: a review

Applicability of ambient toxicity testing to national or regional water-quality assessment

Accumulation of metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the lower Passaic River, New Jersey

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