Bioassay Guided Fractionation of Senna singueana and Its Potential for Development of Poultry Phytogenic Feed Additives

Abstract

There has been burgeoning interest in plant-based feed additives following restrictions placed on the use of antibiotic feed additives in many countries. Phytogenic feed additives are recommended to have a range of useful properties to support the growth and development of poultry to a similar level as that obtained by supplementing feed with antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial, anti-lipoxygenase and antioxidant activity, and in vitro safety of fractions and isolated compounds from leaves of Senna singueana. Antibacterial activities of the fractions and isolated compounds were determined against a panel of bacteria using a two-fold serial microdilution assay and qualitative bioautography assays. Anti-lipoxygenase activity was evaluated using the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX) method. Antioxidant activity was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively using radical scavenging assays. Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions from solvent-solvent partitioning had the best antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 156 to 313 μg/ml. Fractions obtained from column chromatography had significant to weak antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 50 to 1,250 μg/ml. Bioautography showed clear bands of bacterial inhibition, indicating the presence of a number of active compounds in several fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction and all the tested column fractions had potent anti-lipoxygenase activity with IC50 values of ≤2.5 μg/ml which were lower than that of quercetin (positive control), indicating anti-inflammatory potential. The ethyl acetate fraction and several column fractions had powerful antioxidant activity with IC50 values of ≤5 μg/ml in the ABTS assay. Cytotoxicity values against Vero kidney cells ranged from LC50 = 40.0–989.3 μg/ml. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation and identification of a known bioactive compound, luteolin. S. singueana is a promising candidate for the development of poultry phytogenic feed additives.

GC-MS Analysis, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Senna singueana (Delile) Grown in Kenya

“…is is in agreement with Adedoyin et al [62], who demonstrated that the essential oil of S. singueana flowers had antibacterial properties in a dosedependent manner. Our findings also agree with a study by Jambwa et al [24], which demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction isolated from S. singueana leaves crude extract had antibacterial effects on both Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (Salmonella Enteritidis and E. coli) bacterial pathogens tested.…”

“…In this experiment, the reference, ascorbic acid, had a greater scavenging capacity of DPPH radicals with IC 50 value of 20.54 ± 2.24 µ g/ml in comparison to the plant extract, which had an IC 50 value of 47.97 ± 0.69 µ g/ml. This is in agreement with the findings of Jambwa et al [ 24 ], which demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction isolated from S. singueana leaves crude extract exhibited DPPH radical scavenging potential but with a lower IC 50 in comparison to the standard ascorbic.…”

“…The Mbeere community calls it Mukengeta and they use it to treat anthrax and elephantiasis [ 23 ]. It is also used in both humans and animals as a purgative and a lactation stimulant [ 24 ].…”

Stigmasterol Activates the mTOR Signaling Pathway by Inhibiting ORP5 Ubiquitination to Promote Milk Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

“…6 There is increasing attention to selecting feed additives for dairy cows, especially for new functional feed additives that promote health and environmental sustainability, such as extracts derived from natural plants. 7,8 Although traditional nutritional supplements play a vital role in milk synthesis, excessive intake can increase nitrogen emissions, which puts pressure on the environment and harms animal welfare. 9 Moreover, the health of the mammary gland and milk synthesis is a complex physiological process that is affected by many factors, and it is often difficult for a single nutrient to meet its overall needs.…”

Bioassay guided fractionation of Senna singueana and its potential for development of poultry phytogenic feed additives

“…Previous studies have shown that extracts of S. singueana leaves have moderate antibacterial activity against poultry pathogens, potent anti-lipoxygenase activity and powerful radical scavenging antioxidant activity (7). The bark methanol extract of S. singueana has also been reported to have remarkable hepatoprotective and anti-apoptotic properties (8), promoting further exploration of the plant for beneficial properties and potential uses.…”