Bioassay-Guided Fractionation and In Vitro Antiproliferative Effects of Fractions ofArtemisia nilagiricaon THP-1 cell line

Abstract

ABSTACT Artemisia nilagirica (Clarke) is a widely used medicinal herb in Indian traditional system of medicine. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of A. nilagirica extracts/fractions on inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis in a human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell line. The crude extracts (A. nilagirica ethyl acetate extract [ANE] and A. nilagirica methanolic extract [ANA]) showed cytotoxic activity toward THP-1 cells with the IC50 values of 38.21 ± 7.37 and 132.41 ± 7.19 µg/ml, respectively. However, the cytotoxic activity of active fractions (ANE-B and ANM-9) obtained after column chromatography was found to be much more pronounced than their parent extracts. The IC50 values of ANE-B and ANM-9 were found to be 27.04 ± 2.54 µg/ml and 12.70 ± 4.79 µg/ml, respectively, suggesting greater susceptibility of the malignant cells. Cell cycle analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) assay revealed that inhibition of cell growth by A. nilagirica fractions on THP-1 cells was mediated by apoptosis. Active fractions of A. nilagirica increased the expression levels of caspase-3, -7, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), a critical member of the apoptotic pathway. These results suggested that active fractions of A. nilagirica may play a promising role in growth suppression by inducing apoptosis in human monocytic leukemic cells via mitochondria-dependent and death receptor-dependent apoptotic pathways.

Cytotoxic Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Artemisia haussknechtii Boiss

“…Dichloromethane is an organic solvent with a low polarity that can extract secondary metabolites with similar polarities, like terpenoids, coumarins, alkaloids, and polymethoxylated flavonoids. These types of phytochemical compounds can be responsible for cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines (11,12,23,24). Also, some mechanisms have been proposed for exerting cytotoxic effects of dichloromethane fractions and their isolated compounds, such as increasing the level of Bax protein, cleavage of PARP protein, and formation of DNA fragments (11,14).…”

Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-inducing Effects of Abrus precatorius Against Human Monocytic Leukaemia (THP-1) Cell Line

“…The reaction was stopped by immersing the slides in saline sodium citrate for 15 min. Thereafter, the slides were washed with PBS and treated with propidium iodide (PI; 10 mg/ml in PBS) for 15 min in a dark conditions [21] . Observations were carried out using confocal fluorescence microscopy (Carl-Zeiss).…”

Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anticancer, and Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities of Artemisia nilagirica (C.B. Clarke) Pamp

“…The anticancer activities of the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were also elucidated against the human monocytic leukemia cell (THP-1) [ 28 ]. Later, studies by Sahu, Meena, Shukla, Chaturvedi, Kumar, Datta, and Arya [ 24 ] also supported these results in colorectal cancer cell models.…”