Bioactivity-guided isolation of kaempferol as the antidiabetic principle fromCucumis sativusL. fruits

Abstract

This study was aimed at isolating the antidiabetic principle of Cucumis sativus fruit using in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic model. Antidiabetic activity was monitored using in vitro a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibition, and in vivo alloxan-induced diabetic rats models. The active principle was isolated using column chromatography and identified with high performance liquid chromatography. The extract and chromatographic fraction B from C. sativus fruit lowered blood glucose of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extract inhibited a-amylase and a-glucosidase with IC 50 values of 652.43 and 540.42 lg/mL, respectively. Similarly, Fraction B inhibited a-amylase and a-glucosidase with IC 50 51.24 and 29.37 lg/mL, respectively. Fraction B also reversed altered lipid profile and oxidative stress biomarkers of diabetic rats. HPLC fingerprint revealed that the Fraction B was kaempferol. Data obtained from this study showed that kaempferol isolated from C. sativus is responsible for its a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibition, glucose lowering, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant activities. Practical applicationsConsumption of cooked or fresh Cucumis sativus L. fruits could help in the management of diabetes and reduction of postprandial glucose. Furthermore, the fruit extracts could be developed into phytoceutical supplements for managing diabetes and its associated complications including dyslipidemia and oxidative stress. K E Y W O R D Sblood glucose, diabetes, dyslipidemic, kaempferol, oxidative stress

Antidiabetic activity‐guided isolation of gallic and protocatechuic acids fromHibiscus sabdariffacalyxes

“…The aqueous extract of H. sabdariffa was administered in 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW (Zaki et al, ). The doses for solvent‐partitioned fractions (89.03 mg/kg BW of EtOAc, 147.22 mg/kg BW of nBuOH, and 163.75 mg/kg BW of residual aqueous fractions) and column chromatographic fractions (38.57 mg/kg BW of fraction I, 29.11 mg/kg BW of fraction II, and 21.35 mg/kg BW of fraction III) were calculated as previously described (Ibitoye, Uwazie, et al, ). The expressions below were used for the calculations.…”

“…Drugs that increase insulin production and sensitivity and inhibit α‐glucosidase are used in managing and treating diabetes (Ajiboye, Uwazie, Haliru, Ibitoye, & Sunmonu, ; Caesar, ; Ibitoye, Uwazie, & Ajiboye, ). However, conditions not limited to obesity, intestinal problems and liver damage are among the health issues associated with their usage (Chandranath, Bastaki, & Singh, ).…”

Bioactivity-guided isolation of antidiabetic principles from the methanolic leaf extract ofBryophyllum pinnatum

“…The doses of methanolic leaf extract of B. pinnatum (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW) and metformin (200 mg/kg BW) used were based on previous studies (Aransiola et al, ). The doses for solvent‐partitioned (197 mg/kg BW of ethylacetate, 107 mg/kg BW of n‐butanol and 86 mg/kg BW of residual aqueous fractions) were calculated as described by Ibitoye, Uwazie, and Ajiboye () with slight modification. Doses 72.27 mg/kg BW of fraction A, 54.60 mg/kg BW of fraction B, 40.68 mg/kg BW of fraction C and 29.44 mg/kg BW of fraction D were used for the column chromatographic fractions.…”

Sperm Proteomics Analysis of Diabetic Induced Male Rats as Influenced by Ficus carica Leaf Extract

“…It is found that quercetin delays oxidant injury and cell death due to the oxidation by free radicals [37], improves insulin signaling and sensitivity [41], as well as increases glucose uptake by cell [42]. Kaempferol inhibits the breakdown of polysaccharides to glucose by α-glucosidase, as it is a carbohydrate digesting enzyme [43], and activates AMPK to mediate an antidiabetic effect by inhibiting hepatic glucose production [30]. Ficusin restores insulin level in diabetic rats due to regularized β-cell, and improves glucose utilization by increasing the expression level of glucose transporter protein (GLUT) [40].…”