Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

Perera, A.G.W.U.; Karunaratne, M.M.S.C.; Chinthaka, S.D.M.

doi:10.31357/jtfe.v8i1.3479

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Mahogany for example has been reported to possess several volatiles (Baba et al, 2020) some of which serve as olfactory cues that attract insect pests to the tree. The insecticidal and repellent potential of neem have also been evaluated on weevils and were reported to be effective (Perera et al, 2018).…”

Section: Repellent Effect Of Surfaces Treated With Plant Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of biopesticides extracted with a homemade solvent on stored maize protection

Sintim,

Ansah

2023

Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica

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Synthetic chemicals continue to play an important role in reducing storage losses attributable to insect pest activities. However, the adverse effects associated with some patented chemicals make synthetic pesticides less attractive and have given the drive to search for alternative methods of pest control. This study evaluated the effects of a traditional gin, akpeteshie crude extracts made of four timber species, neem (Azadirachta indica), mahogany (Khaya senegalensis), teak (Tectona grandis) and cedrela (Cedrela odorata) on the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais on stored maize grains in the laboratory. Home-made extracts of the test tree plants at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 2% were tested as grain protectants or as insect poisons. All tested extracts in their respective concentrations performed well in the reduction of live insects during maize storage as compared to a non-extract treatment. The mode of action of all the extracts was generally concentration and time-dependent. On average neem extract was the most effective followed by mahogany, teak, and cedrela in that order. Neem and mahogany extracts performed well in reducing grain damage at a concentration of 2% and at 0.5% concentration of cedrela extract respectively. All extracts reduced progeny emergence and acted both as a repellent or a toxicant. The extracts performed better as compared to the untreated control in the viability of maize seeds leading to germination, and subsequent seedling emergence. The relatively low weight loss of the stored grains treated with these crude extracts during the 90-day experimental period at a maximum concentration of 2% is predictive that they can be adopted as safe and alternative grain protectants against weevils in store. The unknown phytochemicals in these akpeteshie hardwood extracts may be responsible for the insecticidal properties against the weevils. For some concentrations of the extracts, germination was inconsistent which led to the suspicion of allelopathy.

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Section: Repellent Effect Of Surfaces Treated With Plant Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of biopesticides extracted with a homemade solvent on stored maize protection

Sintim,

Ansah

2023

Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica

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“…The last compounds that are organosulfurate are part of the plant's defense mechanism against insect attacks. Compound 3,4-dimethyliophene was detected using HS-SPME/GC-MS in volatiles in the neem leaf (Perera et al, 2018) and identified in garlic essence oil (Allium sativum) (Satyal et al, 2017).…”

Section: Analysis Of Volatile Substances By Gc-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction and chemical characterization of neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica)

Cabral,

Silva,

Rodrigues

et al. 2023

J. Biotechnol. Biodivers.

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The neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is known for its therapeutic, pesticide, fertilizer and pharmacological properties. Due to these attributes, this tree has economic potential and continues to be used worldwide. For oil extraction, the Sohxlet system was used, for the extraction and characterization of volatiles, the HS-SPME/GC-MS method was used, and the fatty acid profile was characterized by GC-FID. The average yield obtained from the oil was 23%. A total of 34 volatile compounds were detected, of which 9 were identified by Kovat's index: 2-methyldecane, 3-methyldecane, 4-methyldecane, 2-methylundecane, 3-methylundecane, 3,4-dimethylthiophene, 2,5-diol- 3-hexane, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and buticyclohexane. In addition to the volatiles in the oil, 7 fatty acids were found; oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid, with the oil extracted from the seeds having the highest concentration of oleic acid and linoleic acid in commercial neem oil. Given the presence of these chemical compounds in neem oil, it is suggested, for subsequent investigations, the isolation and application of organosulfur compounds as insecticides. The extraction of oil from flowers and neem seeds with solvents that are less harmful to the environment, together with its application, makes it possible to evaluate its pesticide potential. In addition, it is essential to evaluate the influence of neem on the bee population, analyzing cases of mortality and seeking solutions to avoid environmental damage. Additionally, the viability of neem oil as an industrial and hospital cleaning product is highlighted, exploring antimicrobial, antibacterial and biodegradable properties.

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Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of biopesticides extracted with a homemade solvent on stored maize protection

Effects of biopesticides extracted with a homemade solvent on stored maize protection

Extraction and chemical characterization of neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica)

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