Bioactivity and mineral contents of wild-grown edible Morchella conica in the Mediterranean Region

Abstract

In this study, antiradical and antimicrobial activity, total phenolic, mineral and heavy metal content of Morchella conica Pers. were determined in the methanolic extracts of dried M. conica collected from wild-grown edible mushroom in the Mediterranean region from Turkey. Free radical scavenging activity was determined to be 43.72 ± 0.13% DPPH decoloration, however, total phenolic activity to be 20.64 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g dry ext. sample. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was tested against fourteen microorganism including 12 bacteria and 2 yeasts. It was determined that the mushroom extracts had no effect against the bacteria and yeasts. Antimicrobial effect was determined only against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. M. conica was determined to contain some heavy metals such as arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) in the concentrations of 0.25, 0.06, 0.20, 1.20, 0.70 and 1.10 (mg/kg dw), respectively. Potassium (K), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) contents were determined to be 20,400, 13,250, and 1,600 (mg/kg dw), respectively, being higher than those of the other minerals in the M. conica extracts.

Wild Morchella conica Pers. from different origins: a comparative study of nutritional and bioactive properties

“…Analysis of the results of the antioxidant potential (Table ) of M. conica samples (methanolic extracts) from Portugal revealed that the highest reducing power was evaluated through the Folin–Ciocalteu and ferricyanide/Prussian blue assays. Total phenolics content, measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay, was different from other results from Turkey (25.38 µg GAE mg −1 extract and 20.64 mg GAE g −1 extract). Both extracts of samples from Turkey had lower amounts of total phenolics when compared to Portuguese and Serbian wild samples.…”

“…This activity was also previously reported for M. conica by Turkoglu et al for ethanolic extract (EC 50 = 267 µg mL −1 ) and Puttaraju et al for water and methanolic extracts (EC 50 = 5.00 ± 0.31 and 1.60 ± 0.33 mg mL −1 , respectively) obtained from Indian samples. Furthermore, Gursoy et al reported 43% DPPH inhibition by a methanolic extract of M. conica at 2 mg mL −1 , while Ozturk et al reported 44% inhibition by ethanolic extract of M. conica at 20 mg mL −1 . Therefore, Indian samples showed higher activity than the samples studied herein.…”

“…Turkoglu et al reported no inhibition of the ethanolic extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli . Ozturk et al also studied Pseudomonas aeruginosa , E. coli and Bacillus cereus inhibition, without presenting any positive results from M. conica ethanolic extracts. However, both of our samples presented activity against these three species.…”

“…It grows generally on chalky soil in grassy woodlands, field margins and roadside verges . There are reports on its bioactivity, including antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. However, these studies do not include the chemical and nutritional characterization of the species.…”

Verfügbarkeit und Qualität von Trinkwasser

“…Als Beispiele seien Verunreinigungen mit Dioxinen und dioxinähnlichen PCBs (Schwind et al 2010), Pyrrolizidinalalkaloide (Kempf et al 2010), Phtalaten (Amberg-Müller et al 2010) und Mineralien (Ö zden et al 2010;Bagdatlioglu et al 2010;Ozturk et al 2010;Loizou et al 2010) benannt.…”