“… Peptides Source | Protein substrate | Peptide(s) | Obtaining method | Bioactivities | References |
Common sources |
Dairy products | Buffalo cheese | Water-soluble peptides | Fermentation | Antimicrobial against Enterococcus faecalis (12.5 mg/mL) and Bacillus subtilis (25 mg/mL), Antioxidant activity ABTS (from 33.39 to 63.27% of scavenging of cation radical with concentrations from 2.5 to 20 mg/mL) and DPPH (IC 50 5 mg/mL)and anti-hypertensive due to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity (26.17 to 58.79% for concentrations between 2.5 and 20 mg/mL). | da Silva et al, 2019 |
| Prato cheese | β-CN (f193-209) | Fermentation by Lactobacillus helveticus LH-B02 and ripening time | Inhibitory activity of the ACE (90.22% after 120 days of ripening). | Baptista, Negrão, Eberlin & Gigante, 2020 |
| Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese | β-CN fractions α S1 -CN fractions α S2 -CN fractions | Ripening time and enzymatic digestion, and in silico analysis | ACE-inhibitory, anti-hypertensive, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, dipeptidyl peptidase IV-inhibitory (DPP-IV), and anxiolytic peptides identified in the literature using Milk Bioactive Peptides Database (100% homology) | Martini, Conte & Tagliazucchi, 2020 |
| Goat milk | AFPEHK | Fermentation by Lactobacillus casei NK9 | ACE-inhibitory of 10 kDa permeates (25.16 %) | Parmar, Hati & Sakure, 2018 |
| Camel milk | 3 kDa and 10 kDa fractions | Fermentation by Lactobacillus bulgaricus NCDC and Lactobacillus fermentum TDS030603 | ACE-inhibitory (76.75% after 48 h of fermentation with L. bulgaricus and 73.93% after 48 h of fermentation with L. fermentum ). |
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