Bioactive Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Their Disease-Fighting Properties

Kaur, Navneet; Ahmed, Tawseef

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-58975-2_4

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Medicinal plants have several organoleptic characteristics that contribute to their high value in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Their secondary metabolites are emerging as potential candidates for new anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal drugs [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Among others, aromatic species from the Lamiaceae family are well known for their richness in essential oils, demonstrating a wide range of biological effects, including, in particular, anti-inflammatory and antifungal [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Phytochemical Characterisation and Bioactivities of Salvia aurea L. Essential Oil

Alves-Silva

Maccioni

Cocco

et al. 2023

Plants

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The Salvia L. genus (Lamiaceae) is largely used in the pharmaceutical and food industry. Several species of biological relevance are extensively employed in traditional medicine, including Salvia aurea L. (syn. S. africana-lutea L.), which is used as a traditional skin disinfectant and in wounds as a healing remedy; nevertheless, these properties have not been validated yet. The aim of the present study is to characterise S. aurea essential oil (EO), unveiling its chemical composition and validating its biological properties. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation and subsequently analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Different biological activities were assessed: the antifungal effect on dermatophytes and yeasts and the anti-inflammatory potential by evaluating nitric oxide (NO) production and COX-2 and iNOS protein levels. Wound-healing properties were assessed using the scratch-healing test, and the anti-aging capacity was estimated through the senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity. S. aurea EO is mainly characterised by 1,8-cineole (16.7%), β-pinene (11.9%), cis-thujone (10.5%), camphor (9.5%), and (E)-caryophyllene (9.3%). The results showed an effective inhibition of the growth of dermatophytes. Furthermore, it significantly reduced protein levels of iNOS/COX-2 and simultaneously NO release. Additionally, the EO exhibited anti-senescence potential and enhanced wound healing. Overall, this study highlights the remarkable pharmacological properties of Salvia aurea EO, which should be further explored in order to develop innovative, sustainable, and environmentally friendly skin products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Phytochemical Characterisation and Bioactivities of Salvia aurea L. Essential Oil

Alves-Silva

Maccioni

Cocco

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…), polyphenolic compounds (tannic acid), glucosinolates, and naturally occurring substances (present as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, lactones, etc.) ( 15 ). In animal models, the potential benefits of phytobiotics may involve modulating the frequency of biological membranes in the microbiota, which results in membrane damage to pathogenic organisms, increasing the hydrophobicity of the bacterial population, which can also affect the surface morphology of microbes and, in turn, impact the pathogenicity properties of these organisms ( 16 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera on the gut microbiota of chicken model through metagenomic approach

Soundararajan,

Selvakumar,

Maria Joseph

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the effects of supplementing chicken feed with Moringa oleifera leaf powder, a phytobiotic, on the gastrointestinal microbiota. The objective was to examine the microbial changes induced by the supplementation.MethodsA total of 40, one-day-old chickens were fed their basal diet for 42 days and then divided into two groups: SG1 (basal diet) and SG2 (basal diet + 10 g/kg Moringa oleifera leaf powder). Metagenomics analysis was conducted to analyze operational taxonomic units (OTUs), species annotation, and biodiversity. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed for molecular characterization of isolated gut bacteria, identified as Enterococcus faecium. The isolated bacteria were tested for essential metabolites, demonstrating antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.Results and discussionThe analysis revealed variations in the microbial composition between the control group (SG1) and the M. oleifera-treated group (SG2). SG2 showed a 47% increase in Bacteroides and a 30% decrease in Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Tenericutes compared to SG1. TM7 bacteria were observed exclusively in the M. oleifera-treated group. These findings suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf powder acts as a modulator that enhances chicken gut microbiota, promoting the colonization of beneficial bacteria. PICRUSt analysis supported these findings, showing increased carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the M.oleifera-treated gut microbiota.ConclusionThis study indicates that supplementing chicken feed with Moringa oleifera leaf powder as a phytobiotic enhances the gut microbiota in chicken models, potentially improving overall health. The observed changes in bacterial composition, increased presence of Bacteroides, and exclusive presence of TM7 bacteria suggest a positive modulation of microbial balance. The essential metabolites from isolated Enterococcus faecium bacteria further support the potential benefits of Moringa oleifera supplementation.

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“…The extensive use of plant products in traditional medicinal systems has garnered significant attention from researchers, leading to a renewed focus on the pharmacological potential of plant-derived secondary metabolites (1). These metabolites impact diseasecausing organisms by interfering with vital metabolic processes, signaling pathways, and gene expression, as demonstrated by Velu et al (2018) (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Antimicrobial Activities of Citrus Limettarisso, Citrus Nobilis X Citrus Deliciosa and Citrus Maxima

Batool

2023

JHRR

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Background: The pharmacological properties of citrus fruits have long been recognized in traditional medicine, with recent scientific studies corroborating their potential as sources of natural bioactive compounds. Citrus limettarisso, Citrus nobilis x Citrus deliciosa, and Citrus maxima, in particular, have garnered attention for their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties. Prior research has highlighted these species' capabilities, with various studies reporting on their significant health benefits. Objective: This study aims to evaluate and compare the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from the peels of Citrus limettarisso, Citrus nobilis x Citrus deliciosa, and Citrus maxima, thereby contributing to the understanding of their potential therapeutic applications. Methods: Essential oils were extracted from the peels of the three citrus species using hydro distillation. The antioxidant activity was assessed through Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), and DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay. Antiglycation potential and alpha-amylase inhibition were evaluated for antidiabetic properties, while antimicrobial activity was determined using the Agar Well Diffusion Method. Results: Citrus limettarisso showed the highest TPC (301.4474 ± 2.930402 mg GAE/100g) and significant antioxidant activity (68.26347% DPPH scavenging). Citrus maxima exhibited a high TFC (143.8727 ± 5.454545 mg CE/100g) but lower TPC (115.8333 ± 3.553444 mg GAE/100g). Citrus nobilis x Citrus deliciosa demonstrated considerable TPC (244.1667 ± 5.862774 mg GAE/100g) and TFC (50.17576 ± 0.457566 mg CE/100g). Antiglycation and alpha-amylase inhibition assays revealed Citrus limettarisso as the most potent antidiabetic agent with the highest inhibition percentages. All three species showed significant antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: The study confirms the substantial pharmacological potential of Citrus limettarisso, Citrus nobilis x Citrus deliciosa, and Citrus maxima, particularly in terms of their antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Citrus limettarisso emerged as the most potent in most assays, underscoring its potential for therapeutic use. These findings support the use of these citrus species as natural sources of bioactive compounds for health and medical applications. It carries special importance for public health advancements.

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Bioactive Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Their Disease-Fighting Properties

Cited by 16 publications

References 76 publications

Advances in the Phytochemical Characterisation and Bioactivities of Salvia aurea L. Essential Oil

Advances in the Phytochemical Characterisation and Bioactivities of Salvia aurea L. Essential Oil

Investigating the modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera on the gut microbiota of chicken model through metagenomic approach

Structural Characterization, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Antimicrobial Activities of Citrus Limettarisso, Citrus Nobilis X Citrus Deliciosa and Citrus Maxima

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