Bioactive Lipids in Health and Disease

Bari, Monica; Bisogno, Tiziana; Battista, Natalia

doi:10.3390/biom10121698

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Over the past two decades, it has been shown that bioactive lipids may act as immunomodulators, reducing inflammation and helping to maintain tissue homeostasis, and some are constituents of cell membranes and energy substrates [59]. Via these effects, bioactive lipids help to prevent various diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, obesity, and neurodegenerative disorders [60].…”

Section: Roles Of Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipases as Effective Green Biocatalysts for Phytosterol Esters’ Production: A Review

et al. 2022

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Lipases are versatile enzymes widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. They are green biocatalysts with a high potential for industrial use compared to traditional chemical methods. In recent years, lipases have been used to synthesize a wide variety of molecules of industrial interest, and extraordinary results have been reported. In this sense, this review describes the important role of lipases in the synthesis of phytosterol esters, which have attracted the scientific community’s attention due to their beneficial effects on health. A systematic search for articles and patents published in the last 20 years with the terms “phytosterol AND esters AND lipase” was carried out using the Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases, and the results showed that Candida rugosa lipases are the most relevant biocatalysts for the production of phytosterol esters, being used in more than 50% of the studies. The optimal temperature and time for the enzymatic synthesis of phytosterol esters mainly ranged from 30 to 101 °C and from 1 to 72 h. The esterification yield was greater than 90% for most analyzed studies. Therefore, this manuscript presents the new technological approaches and the gaps that need to be filled by future studies so that the enzymatic synthesis of phytosterol esters is widely developed.

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Section: Roles Of Bioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipases as Effective Green Biocatalysts for Phytosterol Esters’ Production: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…They also undergo β‐oxidation in mitochondria with the help of peroxisomes. In Lands cycle, more than 90% of DHA and AA released from the phospholipid membrane are rapidly re‐esterified to phospholipids, whereas a proportion of these unesterified fatty acids can be used as substrates for the synthesis of pro‐inflammatory and pro‐resolving mediators after enzymatic conversion by cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450, which is demonstrated in Figure 3 (the omitted part can be visible from Bari et al, 2020). Reprinted by permission from Bazinet and Layé (2014)…”

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioactive lipids have been shown to participate in regulating complex pathways. They may be involved in homeostasis, initiation and resolution of inflammation, as well as disease pathologies, including cancer, heart disease, obesity, viral infection (such as coronavirus disease 2019) and neurodegenerative disorders (Bari et al, 2020; Theken & FitzGerald, 2021). Their broad physiological functions suggested that the administration of bioactive lipids might potentially prevent and treat certain diseases, such as PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive lipids and their metabolism: New therapeutic opportunities for Parkinson's disease

Shen

Jiang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, which can also be associated with non‐motor symptoms. Its pathogenesis is thought to stem from a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the formation of Lewy bodies containing aggregated α‐synuclein. Recent works suggested that lipids might play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of PD. In particular, the so‐called ‘bioactive’ lipids whose changes in the concentration may lead to functional consequences and affect many pathophysiological processes, including neuroinflammation, are closely related to PD in terms of symptoms, disease progression and incidence. This study aimed to explore the molecular metabolism and physiological functions of bioactive lipids, such as fatty acids (mainly unsaturated fatty acids), eicosanoids, endocannabinoids, oxysterols, representative sphingolipids, diacylglycerols and lysophosphatidic acid, in the development of PD. The knowledge of bioactive lipids in PD gained through preclinical and clinical studies is expected to improve the understanding of disease pathogenesis and provide novel therapeutic avenues.

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“…The heterogeneous functions executed by these lipids are matched by the diversity of the groups that are within the bioactive lipids. These species include the following major classes: eicosanoids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, endocannabinoids, and the newly discovered specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novelty of Sphingolipids in the Central Nervous System Physiology and Disease: Focusing on the Sphingolipid Hypothesis of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

Ayub

Jin

Bae

2021

IJMS

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For decades, lipids were confined to the field of structural biology and energetics as they were considered only structural constituents of cellular membranes and efficient sources of energy production. However, with advances in our understanding in lipidomics and improvements in the technological approaches, astounding discoveries have been made in exploring the role of lipids as signaling molecules, termed bioactive lipids. Among these bioactive lipids, sphingolipids have emerged as distinctive mediators of various cellular processes, ranging from cell growth and proliferation to cellular apoptosis, executing immune responses to regulating inflammation. Recent studies have made it clear that sphingolipids, their metabolic intermediates (ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and N-acetyl sphingosine), and enzyme systems (cyclooxygenases, sphingosine kinases, and sphingomyelinase) harbor diverse yet interconnected signaling pathways in the central nervous system (CNS), orchestrate CNS physiological processes, and participate in a plethora of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. Considering the unequivocal importance of sphingolipids in CNS, we review the recent discoveries detailing the major enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism (particularly sphingosine kinase 1), novel metabolic intermediates (N-acetyl sphingosine), and their complex interactions in CNS physiology, disruption of their functionality in neurodegenerative disorders, and therapeutic strategies targeting sphingolipids for improved drug approaches.

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Bioactive Lipids in Health and Disease

Abstract: Although the primordial concept of lipids is associated with the role they play as key components of the cell membrane, growing research in the field of bioactive lipids and lipidomic technologies proves the prominent role of these molecules in other biological functions [...]

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Lipases as Effective Green Biocatalysts for Phytosterol Esters’ Production: A Review

Lipases as Effective Green Biocatalysts for Phytosterol Esters’ Production: A Review

Bioactive lipids and their metabolism: New therapeutic opportunities for Parkinson's disease

Novelty of Sphingolipids in the Central Nervous System Physiology and Disease: Focusing on the Sphingolipid Hypothesis of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

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