Bioactive Glass—An Extensive Study of the Preparation and Coating Methods

Abstract

Diseases or complications that are caused by bone tissue damage affect millions of patients every year. Orthopedic and dental implants have become important treatment options for replacing and repairing missing or damaged parts of bones and teeth. In order to use a material in the manufacture of implants, the material must meet several requirements, such as mechanical stability, elasticity, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, corrosion resistance, and non-toxicity. In the 1970s, a biocompatible glassy material called bioactive glass was discovered. At a later time, several glass materials with similar properties were developed. This material has a big potential to be used in formulating medical devices, but its fragility is an important disadvantage. The use of bioactive glasses in the form of coatings on metal substrates allows the combination of the mechanical hardness of the metal and the biocompatibility of the bioactive glass. In this review, an extensive study of the literature was conducted regarding the preparation methods of bioactive glass and the different techniques of coating on various substrates, such as stainless steel, titanium, and their alloys. Furthermore, the main doping agents that can be used to impart special properties to the bioactive glass coatings are described.

Latest Trends in Surface Modification for Dental Implantology: Innovative Developments and Analytical Applications

“…The biomimetic ability to produce HA resembling the natural one has been demonstrated to promote the osseointegration of the implant. Besides, they also showed osteoinduction properties within the bone formation at the implant-device interface [156]. BG porosity and roughness, modulated by deposition techniques, are important features since they affect bioactivity.…”

Fabrication, Structural and Biological Characterization of Zinc-Containing Bioactive Glasses and Their Use in Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration

“…The alkalinization of the medium promotes the formation of soluble silica by the attack of Si-O-Si. This silica gel layer can absorb ions from the SBF medium and allows the diffusion of Ca 2+ and PO 4 3− ions through the silica gel, leading to the formation of an amorphous calcium–phosphate layer at the bioactive glass surface following its crystallization and the formation of hydroxyapatite [ 11 , 12 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Figure 5 shows the atomic % for Si, Na, P, Ca and Ca/P on the surface of the pellets for all times of SBF immersion.…”

Bioactive glass as an abrasive in air abrasion technique: application in dentistry

“…Bioactive glass produced in this way has a greater ability to form apatites, but has poorer mechanical properties. Currently, bioactive glass for use in air abrasion is produced using the alloy hardening method [22,33,34].…”