Bioactive constituents of Emblica officinalis overcome oxidative stress in mammalian cells by inhibiting hyperoxidation of peroxiredoxins

Abstract

Emblica officinalis (Amla) is a renowned fruit having nutritional and medicinal traits mostly linked to its antioxidants content. In the current study, the methanolic crude extract of amla fruit is subjected to sequential fractionation to get its partially purified fractions. The ethyl acetate (EA) and butanol (BUT) fractions of amla showed maximum antioxidant potential. The ferric reducing capability and nitric oxide scavenging activity were highest in EA fraction. One of the highlights of the study is the cellular antioxidant assay conducted in HeLa cells. Additionally, HeLa cells pre‐treated with EA and BUT fractions were able to combat oxidative stress via total reduction in hyperoxidation of intracellular peroxiredoxin enzyme. Gallic acid, ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, quercetin, and catechol are the major compounds present in these fractions as identified by LC‐ESI‐MS followed by their quantification by HPLC. These findings indicate that components of E. officinalis can protect intracellular oxidative stress‐mediated degeneration. Practical applications The study highlighted that E. officinalis is a promising source of phenolics and flavonoids acting as natural antioxidants, which showed varied potential to scavenge ROS. Also, the plant fractions were able to fight intracellular oxidative stress via total reduction in hyperoxidation of the human peroxiredoxin. In conclusion, we can say that the regular intake of such food supplements that affect important antioxidant enzymes can be of special interest in the management of oxidative stress‐mediated human ailments.

Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Extracts from Bergenia ciliata, Mimosa pudica, and Phyllanthus emblica

“…Likewise, IC 50 values of 5.68% w/v (56.8 mg/mL) and 0.87% w/v (8.7 mg/mL) were reported for α-amylase and α-glucosidase in aqueous fractions [36] as compared to 8.22% inhibition at 500 μg/mL and IC 50 value of 70.52 ± 3.65 μg/mL in our study, respectively. Studies have shown that the major constituents like gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin, along with other natural compounds, are responsible for a strong antioxidant effect as well as an antidiabetic effect [46][47][48]. Antioxidative stress activity of these compounds is due to their capability to inhibit the release of malondialdehyde (MDA) from RIN cells along with the reduction in the level of nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) that are responsible for mitigating inflammatory responses [49,50].…”

Mechanistic Insights into the Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Atherosclerosis

“…Antioxidants can be synthesized by a cell itself or can be taken exogenously. Antioxidants synthesized by a cell include glutathione, uric acid, caeruloplasmin, ferritin, transferrin, or lactoferrin, whereas vitamin E, vitamin C, flavonoids, and carotenoids come from the diet [ 93 – 95 ]. The endogenous nonenzymatic antioxidants like GSH, uric acid, bilirubin, coenzyme Q, and lipoic acid can be present intracellularly or extracellularly and serve as the primary defence system against imbalanced redox stress [ 96 , 97 ].…”

Datura stramonium essential oil composition and it’s immunostimulatory potential against colon cancer cells

“…ABTS radical scavenging activity of D. oil was measured by the ABTS cation decolorization assay (Chahal et al 2019). The ABTS radicals (ABTS •+ ) were produced by reaction of 7 mM stock solution of ABTS with 2.45 mM potassium persulfate and allowing the mixture to stand in dark at room temperature (25 °C) for 12 h before use.…”