Bioactive compounds of Curvularia species as a source of various biological activities and biotechnological applications

Abstract

Many filamentous fungi are known to produce several secondary metabolites or bioactive compounds during their growth and reproduction with sort of various biological activities. Genus Curvularia (Pleosporaceae) is a dematiaceous filamentous fungus that exhibits a facultative pathogenic and endophytic lifestyle. It contains ~213 species among which Curvularia lunata, C. geniculata, C. clavata, C. pallescens, and C. andropogonis are well-known. Among them, C. lunata is a major pathogenic species of various economical important crops especially cereals of tropical regions while other species like C. geniculata is of endophytic nature with numerous bioactive compounds. Curvularia species contain several diverse groups of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, terpenes, polyketides, and quinones. Which possess various biological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and phytotoxicity. Several genes and gene factors are involved to carry and regulate the expression of these activities which are influenced by environmental signals. Some species of Curvularia also show negative impacts on humans and animals. Apart from their negative effects, there are some beneficial implications like production of enzymes of industrial value, bioherbicides, and source of nanoparticles is reported. Many researchers are working on these aspects all over the world but there is no review in literature which provides significant understanding about these all aspects. Thus, this review will provide significant information about secondary metabolic diversity, their biological activities and biotechnological implications of Curvularia species.

Evaluation of Total Isoflavones in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Sprouts Germinated under Precursors (p-Coumaric Acid and L-Phenylalanine) Supplementation

“…Phenylpropanoids are plant-specific metabolites, and their biosynthetic pathways are extremely diverse. They are precursors of a variety of metabolites that regulate plant growth, metabolism, and interactions with environmental stimuli, such as biotic and abiotic stresses [14][15][16][17][18][19]. They have also been utilized in food supplements, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, and have numerous advantages for human well-being [20,21].…”

Production and characterization of melanin pigment from black fungus Curvularia soli AS21 ON076460 assisted gamma rays for promising medical uses

“…Curvularia species produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites, particularly alkaloids, polyketides, and melanin. Which have a variety of biological actions, include anti-tumer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and antioxidant [ 42 ].…”

Analysis of Quantitative Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Activity of Leaf, Stem, and Bark of Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes.

“…The bioactive compounds responsible for eliminating superoxide anions may include various antioxidants such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and other polar compounds. These compounds are known for their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species, including superoxide anions, due to their electron-donating properties and ability to stabilize free radicals [ 63 , 64 ]. The results of our study revealed that G. senegalensis has antioxidant potential due to its ability to effectively scavenge superoxide radicals.…”