Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in the Fruit of Rosehip (Rosa canina L. and Rosa rubiginosa L.)

Abstract

Rosehips (Rosa spp., Rosaceae) are wild rose bushes with more than 100 species. Its fruits vary in colour and size, depending on the species, and are recognised for their nutritional characteristics. Ten samples of Rosa canina L. and Rosa rubiginosa L. fruits were collected at different geographical points from Southern Chile. Nutrients such as crude protein and minerals and functional properties such as phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, and also antioxidant activities were evaluated by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. The results revealed a high content of bioactive compounds, primarily ascorbic acid (6.0 to 8.2 mg g−1 fresh weight (FW)), flavonols (427.9 ± 0.4 μg g−1 FW) and antioxidant activity. We established a relationship between the antioxidant activity using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and 2,2-diphenyl radical (DPPH) methods and the concentration of uncoloured compounds, such as flavonols and catechin. This antioxidant activity was primarily associated with the samples from Gorbea, Lonquimay, Loncoche, and Villarrica localities, and all of them were of the species Rosa rubiginosa L. The results here obtained represent novel information of rosehip fruits. In this sense, the reported information about compounds and antioxidant activities in rosehip fruits allowed us to continue new lines of research in relation to the potential formulation of new functional foods and also in the treatment and/or prevention of some diseases.

Detailed Metabolic Characterization of Flowers and Hips of Rosa gallica L. Grown in Open Nature

“…However, citric acid was immediately after quinic acid. Peña et al [ 27 ] reported that the total organic acid content of R. canina and R. rubiginosa ranged from 46.2 g/kg to 73.2 g/kg FW. Okatan et al [ 28 ] reported that the citric acid content in their samples of R. canina was between 15.9 and 22 g/kg FW.…”

“…The phenolic content was between 1.1 g/kg FW and 2.2 g/kg FW. Pena et al [ 27 ] reported the total phenolic content in Rosa spp. Varied between 0.3 g/kg and 14 g/kg.…”

Stability of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Rosehip Juice (Rosa spp.)

“…For analysis, the juice was first filtered two times through a 0.45 µm MCE disc filter (Biofil, Madrid, Spain). High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analyses were performed using an HPLC system (Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with an LC-20AT quaternary pump, a DGU-20A5R degassing unit, a CTO-20A oven, a SIL-20 autosampler, and an SPD-M20A UV-visible diode array spectrophotometer, using a Kromasil C 18 (100 × 4.6 mm, 2.5 µm) column with a Novapak, Waters C 18 (22 × 3.9 mm, 4 µm) guard column at 40 • C. The flow rate was set at 0.8 mL min −1 , as reported by Peña et al [8]. Phenolic compounds were quantified by external calibration at a maximum wavelength for each family of compounds (360 nm for flavonols, 320 nm for hydroxycinnamic acid, and 280 nm for flavan-3-ols) using quercetin, chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid), and catechin as standards.…”

“…The rosehip is classified as a non-wood forest product (PFNM) and represents an important commercial product for Chile, representing USD 28.9 million in revenue in 2022, which is an increase of 15.0% compared to that in 2021 [ 3 ]. The rosehip fruit has been the subject of scientific interest in recent years given its nutritional composition and functional properties [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Recent studies have reported high concentrations of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and proteins [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Contribution of Saccharomyces and Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts on the Volatile and Phenolic Profiles of Rosehip Mead

“…Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) is a pseudofruit derived from the rose plant, scientifically recognized for its abundance of polyphenols, vitamin C, and a diverse array of bioactive compounds [1][2][3]. Most often found as a wild shrub, Rosa canina L. is now gaining popularity as an industrial crop [4].…”