Bioactive Coating on Titanium Dental Implants for Improved Anticorrosion Protection: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Abstract

In recent years, extensive studies have been continuously undertaken on the design of bioactive and biomimetic dental implant surfaces due to the need for improvement of the implant–bone interface properties. In this paper, the titanium dental implant surface was modified by bioactive vitamin D3 molecules by a self-assembly process in order to form an improved anticorrosion coating. Surface characterization of the modified implant was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and contact angle measurements (CA). The implant’s electrochemical stability during exposure to an artificial saliva solution was monitored in situ by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results obtained were corroborated by means of quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory level (DFT). The formation mechanism of the coating onto the titanium implant surface was proposed. During a prolonged immersion period, the bioactive coating effectively prevented a corrosive attack on the underlying titanium (polarization resistance in order of 107 Ω cm2) with ~95% protection effectiveness.

A New Insight into Coating’s Formation Mechanism Between TiO2 and Alendronate on Titanium Dental Implant

“…The quantification of the anti-corrosion protection was performed by modeling of EIS data ( Figure 5 ) using the electrical equivalent circuit (EEC) presented as R s ( C 1 ( R 1 ( CPE 2 R 2 ))); see the inset in Figure 5 a. In the case of the as-received implant/artificial saliva interface, the chosen model represents the oxide film of the bi-layered structure formed on the titanium [ 69 , 70 ]. R s is the electrolyte resistance and ( R 1 C 1 ) time constant, in the high/middle-frequency region, is associated with the outer part of the oxide layer with R 1 as the resistance and C 1 representing the capacitance of the oxide outer part.…”

Ultrasonic Sensors-Assisted Corrosion Studies on Surface Coated AlSi9Cu3 Alloy Die Castings

“…The acrylic paint ED coatings exhibited higher resistance in AC and lowered resistance in DC; on the other hand, other coatings exhibited lower resistance in AC and higher resistance in DC. In future work, advanced digital-driven transformation technologies (Industry X.0), including artificial intelligence approaches, shall be deployed for overcoming the challenges faced due to corrosion and related issues [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], thereby improving the quality of the coating longevity. The salt spray test results confirm that 3-coat polyester with epoxy primer coated sample exhibits an oxide film on the surface that temporarily resist the local corrosion attack.…”

Influence of Biocompatible Coating on Titanium Surface Characteristics

“…The main goals were (i) to improve titanium corrosion resistivity during exposure to an artificial saliva solution and simultaneously (ii) to induce in vitro processes of "new bone" formation. In our previous published paper a D3 coating formation mechanism on the oxide-covered titanium dental implant was explained in detail by DFT method [19] whereas this research is a follow up to previous study and a long-term corrosion behavior of the D3 vitamin-modified titanium surface in an artificial saliva solution was investigated in situ by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. To the best of our knowledge, surface characteristics of bioactive coatings on dental implants are in the focus of current research in this field, but their corrosion stability has not been sufficiently investigated.…”

“…The Ti surfaces were abraded with SiC emery papers of #240 to #600 grit, ultrasonically cleaned with absolute ethanol and redistilled water, and dried in a stream of nitrogen (99.999%, Messer ® , Germany). Prepared Ti discs were electrochemically treated in order to prepare an oxide-covered Ti surface needed for a successful D3 vitamin bonding [19]. The oxide layer on the Ti (Ti/oxide) was formed potentiostatically at the film formation potential, Ef = 2.5 V vs Ag|AgCl|3 mol dm -3 KCl during 24 hours in a phosphate buffer solution (0.075 mol dm -3 Na2HPO47H2O + 0.025 mol dm -3 NaH2PO42H2O, pH 7.4).…”