Bioactive chemicals and biological—biochemical activities and their functions in rhizospheres of wetland plants

Neori, Amir; Reddy, K. R.; Číšková-Končalová, Hana; Agami, Moshe

doi:10.1007/bf02868922

Cited by 63 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…These substances are usually organic compounds such as anaerobic metabolites, organic acids, phytometallophores, peptides (e.g. phytochelatins), alkaloids, phenolics, terpenoids or steroids (Rovira, 1969;Barber & Martin, 1976;Neori et al, 2000). The magnitude of this release is still unclear, but reported values are generally in the range of 5-25% of the photosynthetically fixed carbon.…”

Section: Root Exudatesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Plants used in constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow: a review

2011

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The presence of macrophytes is one of the most conspicuous features of wetlands and their presence distinguishes constructed wetlands from unplanted soil filters or lagoons. The macrophytes growing in constructed wetlands have several properties in relation to the treatment process that make them an essential component of the design. However, only several roles of macrophytes apply to constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow (HF CWs). The plants used in HF CWs designed for wastewater treatment should therefore: (1) be tolerant of high organic and nutrient loadings, (2) have rich belowground organs (i.e. roots and rhizomes) in order to provide substrate for attached bacteria and oxygenation (even very limited) of areas adjacent to roots and rhizomes and (3) have high aboveground biomass for winter insulation in cold and temperate regions and for nutrient removal via harvesting. The comparison of treatment efficiency of vegetated HF CWs and unplanted filters is not unanimous but most studies have shown that systems with plants achieve higher treatment efficiency. The vegetation has mostly a positive effect, i.e. supports higher treatment efficiency, for organics and nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. By far the most frequently used plant around the globe is Phragmites australis (Common reed). Species of the genera Typha (latifolia, angustifolia, domingensis, orientalis and glauca) and Scirpus (e.g. lacustris, validus, californicus and acutus) spp. are other commonly used species. In many countries, and especially in the tropics and subtropics, local plants including ornamental species are used for HF CWs.

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Section: Root Exudatesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Plants used in constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow: a review

2011

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“…Plants can influence soil enzyme activity by excreting exogenous enzymes and affect microbial species composition and diversity (Kong et al 2009). Plants can also reactivate free enzymes which may be inactivated and preserved in bulk anaerobic soil by oxygenating the anaerobic substrate through its expanding root system (Neori et al 2000). Higher enzyme activity around the rhizosphere has been demonstrated (Zhang et al 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Among Soil Enzyme Activities, Root Enzyme Activities, and Contaminant Removal in Two-Stage In Situ Constructed Wetlands Purifying Domestic Wastewater

Chu

et al. 2016

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Two-stage in situ wetlands (two vertical flow constructed wetlands in parallel and a horizontal flow constructed wetland) were constructed for studying domestic wastewater purification and the correlations between contaminant removal and plant and soil enzyme activities. Results indicated the removal efficiency of NH4 (+) and NO3 (-) were significantly correlated with both urease and protease activity, and the removal of total phosphorus was significantly correlated with phosphatase activity. Chemical oxygen demand removal was not correlated with enzyme activity in constructed wetlands. Plant root enzyme (urease, phosphatase, protease and cellulose) activity correlation was apparent with all contaminant removal in the two vertical flow constructed wetlands. However, the correlation between the plant root enzyme activity and contaminant removal was poor in horizontal flow constructed wetlands. Results indicated that plant roots clearly played a role in the removal of contaminants.

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“…A number of studies have shown that roots employ directly as well as indirectly induced chemical defences against soil pathogens, nematodes and insects (Neori et al 2000;Van Tol et al 2001;Walker et al 2003a;Bauer and Mathesius 2004;Bais et al 2005). Similar to AG induced responses, the induction by BG herbivores and pathogens may readily result in systemic responses in the leaves.…”

Section: Interactions Between Aboveground and Belowground Induced Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roots are constantly and actively excreting a wide array of compounds into the soil, which mainly affect their direct environment, called the rhizophere (Campbell and Greaves 1990;Neori et al 2000). Root exudation plays a major role in maintaining root-soil contact and in guiding root growth and, thus, in plant survival (Walker et al 2003a;Bais et al 2005).…”

Section: Differences and Similarities Between Roots And Shootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical communication between roots and shoots: towards an integration of aboveground and belowground induced responses in plants

Dam¹,

Bezemer²

Chemical Ecology

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Abstract. Induced responses in plants occur in response to both aboveground (AG) and belowground (BG) herbivores and pathogens. So far, the majority of studies have focused on AG induced responses. Possible interactions between AG and BG induced responses have only recently received scientific attention. On the one hand, induction in one plant part may result in systemically induced responses in other parts. On the other hand, simultaneously occurring AG and BG induced responses may interfere, for example, when the activities of root feeders alter the effectiveness of induced responses against leaf feeders. In both cases, AG-BG interactions between induced responses may affect the amount of damage to a plant and therefore constitute an important selection pressure in the evolution of optimal plantdefence strategies.Here we present a new concept for the integration of AG and BG induced responses in current optimal-defence theory. First, we will consider differences in physiology and morphology between roots and shoots, which relate to their different roles in resource acquisition and which are important in interactions with their environment. Then, we will evaluate how general principles emerging from current theories and mathematical models of optimal AG induced plant defences can be applied to BG induced responses, as well as to their interactions with AG responses. Finally, we argue that plants integrate the information that is communicated by roots and shoots to optimize plant fitness in a multitrophic context..

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Bioactive chemicals and biological—biochemical activities and their functions in rhizospheres of wetland plants

Cited by 63 publications

References 110 publications

Plants used in constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow: a review

Plants used in constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow: a review

Correlation Among Soil Enzyme Activities, Root Enzyme Activities, and Contaminant Removal in Two-Stage In Situ Constructed Wetlands Purifying Domestic Wastewater

Chemical communication between roots and shoots: towards an integration of aboveground and belowground induced responses in plants

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