Bioactive Chemical Constituents of Matthiola longipetala Extract Showed Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxic Potency

Abstract

The exploration of bioactive compounds from natural resources attracts the attention of researchers and scientists worldwide. M. longipetala is an annual aromatic herb that emits a pleasant odor during the night. Regarding the chemical composition and biological characteristics, M. longipetala extracts are poorly studied. The current study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of M. longipetala methanol extract using GC-MS and determine its biological potencies, including its capacity for cytotoxicity and antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In this approach, 37 components were identified, representing 99.98% of the total mass. The major chemical components can be classified as oxygenated hydrocarbons (19.15%), carbohydrates (10.21%), amines (4.85%), terpenoids (12.71%), fatty acids and lipids (50.8%), and steroids (2.26%). The major identified compounds were ascaridole epoxide (monoterpene, 12.71%) and methyl (E)-octadec-11-enoate (ester of fatty acid, 12.21%). The extract of M. longipetala showed substantial antioxidant activity. Based on the DPPH and ABTS scavenging, the antioxidant activity of the extracted components of M. longipetala revealed that leaf extract is the most effective with IC50 values of 31.47 and 28.94 mg/L, respectively. On the other hand, the extracted plant showed low antibacterial activities against diverse bacterial species, viz., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, and S. aureus. The most potent antibacterial results were documented for leaf and flower extracts against E. coli and S. aureus. Additionally, the extract’s effectiveness against HepG2 cells was evaluated in vitro using the measures of MTT, DNA fragmentation, and cell proliferation cycle, where it showed considerable activity. Therefore, we can conclude that M. longipetala extract displayed improvement in cytocompatibility and cell migration properties. In conclusion, M. longipetala could be considered a potential candidate for various bioactive compounds with promising biological activities. However, further characterization of the identified compounds, particularly the major compounds, is recommended to evaluate their efficacy, modes of action, and safety.

Discriminative Metabolomics Analysis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Flowers, Leaves, and Roots Extracts of Matthiola longipetala subsp. livida

“…The annotation of the amino acids was derived from the abundant fragments of the protonated ions and their corresponding derivatives arising from either losing H 2 O (−18 Da) yielding their residue mass or the loss of (H 2 O + CO) (−46 Da) producing their immonium ions [84] leading to the detection of five amino acids including arginine (1), proline (2), leucine/isoleucine (17), phenylalanine (22), tryptophan (34), and three amino acids derivatives; methyl proline (5), dimethyl proline (6) and tryptophan N-glucoside (31), mainly distributed among the three plant organs. Similarly, five organic acids were detected as self-looped nodes either in the negative or positive FBMNs and identified as hydroxyl glutaric acid (8), malic acid (13), citraconic acid (methyl maleic acid) (15), dimethyl malate (38), and cinnamic acid (21) (Table 1).…”

“…livida against cervix (HeLa) and colon (HCT116) cell lines [ 8 ]. Moreover, another report assessed the extract’s activity against HepG2 cells in vitro using MTT, DNA fragmentation, and cell proliferation cycle measurements, and it demonstrated significant activity [ 15 ].…”

Phytotoxicity of Rich Oxygenated Terpenes Essential Oil of Prosopis farcta against the Weed Dactyloctenium aegyptium

“…These phytochemicals are mixtures of chemical compounds, including mainly terpenes, along with other compounds like phenylpropanoid and hydrocarbons [2]. The EOs have been reported to exhibit many potent biological activities such as antiviral [3], antimicrobial [4], antiulcer [5], antipyretic, anti-inflammatory [6,7], antioxidant [8], and hepatoprotective [9], as well as allelopathic effects [10,11].…”